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Categories: Chemistry: Thermodynamics, Space: The Solar System

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Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

Researchers introduce an energy-efficient method to enhance thermal conductivity of polymer composites      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Thermally conductive polymer composites consist of fillers oriented in certain directions that form pathways for heat flow. However, conventional methods to control the orientation of these fillers are energy-intensive and require surface modifications that can deteriorate the quality and properties of these materials. Now, researchers have developed an energy-efficient method to control the orientation of the fillers without the need for surface modification, resulting in improvement in thermal conductivity.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

Engineers use quantum computing to develop transparent window coating that blocks heat, saves energy      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists have devised a transparent coating for windows that could help cool the room, use no energy and preserve the view.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics Energy: Alternative Fuels
Published

Cooling down solar cells, naturally      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Too much sun and too much heat can reduce the efficiency of photovoltaics. A solar farm with optimally spaced panels facing the correct direction could cool itself through convection using the surrounding wind. Researchers explored how to exploit the geometry of solar farms to enhance natural cooling mechanisms.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

High-performance and compact vibration energy harvester created for self-charging wearable devices      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A research team has developed a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) piezoelectric vibration energy harvester, which is only about 2 cm in diameter with a U-shaped metal vibration amplification component. The device allows for an increase of approximately 90 times in the power generation performance from impulsive vibration. Since the power generation performance can be improved without increasing the device size, the technology is expected to generate power to drive small wearable devices from non-steady vibrations, such as walking motion.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

Research unearths obscure heat transfer behaviors      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have found that boron arsenide, which has already been viewed as a highly promising material for heat management and advanced electronics, also has a unique property. After reaching an extremely high pressure that is hundreds of times greater than the pressure found at the bottom of the ocean, boron arsenide's thermal conductivity actually begins to decrease. The results suggest that there might be other materials experiencing the same phenomenon under extreme conditions.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

A life-inspired system dynamically adjusts to its environment      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The system regulates its own temperature in response to environmental disturbances.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

A nanoscale view of bubble formation      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A nanoscale view of bubble formation: Using computer simulation, a research team succeeded in modeling the behavior of molecules at the liquid -- gas interface at the nanometer scale, enabling them to describe the boiling process with extreme precision. The findings could be applied to future cooling systems for microprocessors, or to the production of carbon-neutral hydrogen, known as green hydrogen.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

Great potential for aquifer thermal energy storage systems      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Aquifer thermal energy storage systems can largely contribute to climate-friendly heating and cooling of buildings: Heated water is stored in the underground and pumped up, if needed. Researchers have now found that low-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage is of great potential in Germany. This potential is expected to grow in future due to climate change.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

How '2D' materials expand      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers developed a technique to effectively measure the thermal expansion coefficient of two-dimensional materials. With this information, engineers could more effectively and efficiently use these atomically-thin materials to develop next-generation electronic devices that can perform better and run faster than those built with conventional materials.

Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

NASA's Webb catches fiery hourglass as new star forms      (via sciencedaily.com) 

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has revealed the once-hidden features of the protostar within the dark cloud L1527, providing insight into the beginnings of a new star. These blazing clouds within the Taurus star-forming region are only visible in infrared light, making it an ideal target for Webb's Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam).

Chemistry: Thermodynamics Energy: Nuclear Space: Structures and Features
Published

How does radiation travel through dense plasma?      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers provide experimental data about how radiation travels through dense plasmas. Their data will improve plasma models, which allow scientists to better understand the evolution of stars and may aid in the realization of controlled nuclear fusion as an alternative energy source.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics Space: Exploration
Published

Trial by wind: Testing the heat resistance of carbon fiber-reinforced ultra-high-temperature ceramic matrix composites      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Carbon fiber-reinforced ultra-high-temperature ceramic (UHTC) matrix composites are extensively used in space shuttles and high-speed vehicles. However, these composites suffer from a lack of oxidation resistance. Recently, researchers tested the heat resistance of these composites at very high temperatures, providing insight into the modifications needed to prevent UHTC degradation. Their findings could have huge implications for the manufacture of space shuttle orbiters.

Space: Exploration Space: The Solar System
Published

Mars was once covered by 300-meter deep oceans, study shows      (via sciencedaily.com) 

When Mars was a young planet, it was bombarded by icy asteroids that delivered water and organic chemistry necessary for life to emerge. According to the professor behind a new study, this means that the first life in our solar system may have been on Mars.

Environmental: Ecosystems Offbeat: Earth and Climate Space: Exploration Space: The Solar System
Published

Exploring the possibility of extraterrestrial life living in caves      (via sciencedaily.com) 

For millennia, caves have served as shelters for prehistoric humans. Caves have also intrigued scholars from early Chinese naturalists to Charles Darwin. A cave ecologist has been in and out of these subterranean ecosystems, examining the unique life forms -- and unique living conditions -- that exist in Earth's many caves. But what does that suggest about caves on other planetary bodies? In two connected studies, engineers, astrophysicists, astrobiologists and astronauts lay out the research that needs to be done to get us closer to answering the old-age question about life beyond Earth.

Space: Exploration Space: The Solar System
Published

Liftoff! NASA's Artemis I mega rocket launches Orion to Moon      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Following a successful launch of NASA's Space Launch System (SLS), the most powerful rocket in the world, the agency's Orion spacecraft is on its way to the Moon as part of the Artemis program. Carrying an uncrewed Orion, SLS lifted off for its flight test debut at 1:47 a.m. EST Wednesday from Launch Pad 39B at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

Cosmic chocolate pralines: General neutron star structure revealed      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Through extensive model calculations, physicistshave reached general conclusions about the internal structure of neutron stars, where matter reaches enormous densities: depending on their mass, the stars can have a core that is either very stiff or very soft.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

Autonomous crawling soft 'ringbots' can navigate narrow gaps      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have created a ring-shaped soft robot capable of crawling across surfaces when exposed to elevated temperatures or infrared light. The researchers have demonstrated that these 'ringbots' are capable of pulling a small payload across the surface -- in ambient air or under water, as well as passing through a gap that is narrower than its ring size.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics
Published

With new heat treatment, 3D-printed metals can withstand extreme conditions      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new way to 3D-print metals makes the materials stronger and more resilient in extreme thermal environments. The technique could lead to 3D printed high-performance blades and vanes for gas turbines and jet engines, which would enable improved fuel consumption and energy efficiency.

Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

Study of 'polluted' white dwarfs finds that stars and planets grow together      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A team of astronomers have found that planet formation in our young Solar System started much earlier than previously thought, with the building blocks of planets growing at the same time as their parent star.

Space: Cosmology Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

2400 new eyes on the sky to see cosmic rainbows      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The Subaru Telescope successfully demonstrated engineering first light with a new instrument that will use about 2400 fiberoptic cables to capture the light from heavenly objects. Full operation is scheduled to start around 2024. The ability to observe thousands of objects simultaneously will provide unprecedented amounts of data to fuel Big Data Astronomy in the coming decade.