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Categories: Geoscience: Geography, Physics: Optics
Published Study tallies heatwave deaths over recent decades



Between 1990 and 2019, more than 150,000 deaths around the globe were associated with heatwaves each year, according to a new study.
Published 90% of Floridians believe climate change is happening



The latest 'Florida Climate Resilience Survey' found that 90% of Floridians believe that climate change is happening. Belief in human-caused climate change has surged among Florida Independents while slipping among Republicans in the state since last fall. But despite these changes, the survey found enduring support among Floridians for increased government action to address the consequences of a warming planet. The survey found 68% of all respondents want state government to do more and 69% want the federal government to do more to address climate change.
Published Metalens expands Its reach from light to sound



Engineers achieve a wide field-of-hearing acoustic metalens free from aberrations.
Published Scientists create an 'optical conveyor belt' for quasiparticles



Using interference between two lasers, a research group has created an 'optical conveyor belt' that can move polaritons -- a type of light-matter hybrid particle -- in semiconductor-based microcavities. This work could lead to the development of new devices with applications in areas such as quantum metrology and quantum information.
Published GPS stations measure daily ice loss in Greenland



Monitoring the effects of climate change in Greenland has been made much easier with an innovative method.
Published Speedy, secure, sustainable -- that's the future of telecom



A new device that can process information using a small amount of light could enable energy-efficient and secure communications.
Published 2023 was the hottest summer in two thousand years



Researchers have found that 2023 was the hottest summer in the Northern Hemisphere in the past two thousand years, almost four degrees warmer than the coldest summer during the same period.
Published Milestone in plasma acceleration



Scientists have made a significant advance in laser plasma acceleration. By employing an innovative method, a research team managed to substantially exceed the previous record for proton acceleration. For the first time, they achieved energies that so far have only seemed possible at much larger facilities. As the research group reported, promising applications in medicine and materials science have now become much likelier.
Published Today's world: Fastest rate of carbon dioxide rise over the last 50,000 years



Today's rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide increase is 10 times faster than at any other point in the past 50,000 years, researchers have found through a detailed chemical analysis of ancient Antarctic ice.
Published The price tag of phasing-out coal



Coal phase-out is necessary to solve climate change, but can have negative impacts on workers and local communities dependent on coal for their livelihoods. Researchers have studied government plans for coal phase-out around the world and discovered that more than half of such plans include monetary compensation to affected parties. This planned compensation globally amounts to USD 200 billion, but it excludes China and India, the two largest users of coal that currently do not have phase-out plans. The study shows that if China and India decide to phase out coal as fast as needed to reach the Paris climate targets and pay similar compensation, it would cost upwards of USD 2 trillion.
Published Good vibrations: New tech may lead to smaller, more powerful wireless devices



What if your earbuds could do everything your smartphone can, but better? A new class of synthetic materials could allow for smaller devices that use less power.
Published Transformation of ocean management is underway



Despite its benefits and recognition as a keystone practice of ocean stewardship and conservation, adoption of ecosystem-based management has been slow to take hold. To support this change in ocean management, a group of researchers and practitioners investigated the global progress of marine EBM initiatives.
Published How climate change will affect malaria transmission



A new model for predicting the effects of climate change on malaria transmission in Africa could lead to more targeted interventions to control the disease according to a new study. Previous methods have used rainfall totals to indicate the presence of surface water suitable for breeding mosquitoes, but the new research used several climatic and hydrological models to include real-world processes of evaporation, infiltration and flow through rivers. This groundbreaking approach has created a more in-depth picture of malaria-friendly conditions on the African continent.
Published Ocean biodiversity work needs improvement



An international collaboration says the world's largest marine protected areas aren't collectively delivering the biodiversity benefits they could be because of slow implementation of management strategies and a failure to restrict the most impactful human activities.
Published Researchers harness blurred light to 3D print high quality optical components



Researchers have developed a new 3D printing method called blurred tomography that can rapidly produce microlenses with commercial-level optical quality. The new method may make it easier and faster to design and fabricate a variety of optical devices.
Published Discover optimal conditions for mass production of ultraviolet holograms



Scientists delve into the composition of nanocomposites for ultraviolet metasurface fabrication.
Published A new, low-cost, high-efficiency photonic integrated circuit



Researchers have developed scalable photonic integrated circuits, based on lithium tantalate, marking a significant advancement in optical technologies with potential to widespread commercial applications.
Published Rock steady: Study reveals new mechanism to explain how continents stabilized



Ancient, expansive tracts of continental crust called cratons have helped keep Earth's continents stable for billions of years, even as landmasses shift, mountains rise and oceans form. A new mechanism may explain how the cratons formed some 3 billion years ago, an enduring question in the study of Earth's history.
Published It flickers, then it tips -- study identifies early warning signals for the end of the African humid period



Tipping points in the climate system can be the result of a slow but linear development. However, they can also be accompanied by a 'flickering', with two stable climatic states that alternate before a final transition occurs -- and the climate tips permanently.
Published Efficacy of solar panels boosted



Solar energy is a crucial asset in the fight against climate change, and researchers have now devised a smart approach to optimize its effectiveness. Their innovative method includes incorporating artificial ground reflectors, a simple yet powerful enhancement.