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Categories: Chemistry: Thermodynamics, Physics: Acoustics and Ultrasound
Published Medical imaging fails dark skin: Researchers fixed it
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A team found a way to deliver clear pictures of anyone's internal anatomy, no matter their skin tone.
Published Comfort with a smaller carbon footprint
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have developed a data-driven AI algorithm for controlling the heating and cooling of an office building. The system does not require ambient sensors or specific knowledge of the building's rooms. During heating operations, the system was able to achieve energy savings of up to 30%, which can represent significant reductions to cost and environmental impact.
Published Carbon capture method plucks CO2 straight from the air
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Even as the world slowly begins to decarbonize industrial processes, achieving lower concentrations of atmospheric carbon requires technologies that remove existing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere — rather than just prevent the creation of it.
Published Ultrasound may rid groundwater of toxic 'forever chemicals'
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source New research suggests that ultrasound may have potential in treating a group of harmful chemicals known as PFAS to eliminate them from contaminated groundwater.
Published Accelerating sustainable semiconductors with 'multielement ink'
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists have demonstrated 'multielement ink' -- the first 'high-entropy' semiconductor that can be processed at low-temperature or room temperature. The new material could enable cost-effective and energy-efficient semiconductor manufacturing.
Published Powering the quantum revolution: Quantum engines on the horizon
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists unveil exciting possibilities for the development of highly efficient quantum devices.
Published Desalination system could produce freshwater that is cheaper than tap water
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have designed a new solar desalination system that takes in saltwater and heats it with natural sunlight. The system flushes out accumulated salt, so replacement parts aren't needed often, meaning the system could potentially produce drinking water at a rate and price that is cheaper than tap water.
Published Separating molecules requires lots of energy. This new, heat-resistant membrane could change that
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A research team has created a new, heat-resistant membrane that can withstand harsh environments -- high temperatures, high pressure and complex chemical solvents -- associated with industrial separation processes. It could eventually be used as a less energy intensive alternative to distillation and other industrial processes that separate molecules that ultimately serve as ingredients in medicine, chemicals and other products.
Published Light and sound waves reveal negative pressure
(via sciencedaily.com) Negative pressure is a rare and challenging-to-detect phenomenon in physics. Using liquid-filled optical fibers and sound waves, researchers have now discovered a new method to measure it. In collaboration with the Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technologies in
Published No shortcuts: New approach may help extract more heat from geothermal reservoirs
(via sciencedaily.com) Geothermal heat offers a promising source of renewable energy with almost zero emissions, but it remains a relatively expensive option to generate electricity. A new technique may help prevent 'short-circuits' that can cause geothermal power plants to halt production, potentially improving the efficiency of geothermal power, the researchers said.
Published Shape-changing smart speaker lets users mute different areas of a room
(via sciencedaily.com) A team has developed a shape-changing smart speaker, which uses self-deploying microphones to divide rooms into speech zones and track the positions of individual speakers.
Published Chameleon-inspired coating could cool and warm buildings through the seasons
(via sciencedaily.com) As summer turns to fall, many people will be turning off the air conditioning and firing up heaters instead. But traditional heating and cooling systems are energy intensive, and because they typically run on fossil fuels, they aren't sustainable. Now, by mimicking a desert-dwelling chameleon, a team has developed an energy-efficient, cost-effective coating. The material could keep buildings cool in the summers -- or warm in the winters -- without additional energy.
Published Electrons take flight at the nanoscale
(via sciencedaily.com) A study showing how electrons flow around sharp bends, such as those found in integrated circuits, has the potential to improve how these circuits, commonly used in electronic and optoelectronic devices, are designed.
Published Atomic layer deposition route to scalable, electronic-grade van der Waals Te thin films
(via sciencedaily.com) A research team has made a significant breakthrough in thin film deposition technology.
Published Researchers make strides in harnessing low-grade heat for efficient energy conversion
(via sciencedaily.com) A research team has achieved significant breakthroughs in harnessing low-grade heat sources (<100 °C) for efficient energy conversion.
Published Hot summer air turns into drinking water with new gel device
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have focused on the moisture present in the air as a potential source of drinking water for drought-stressed populations. They reached a significant breakthrough in their efforts to create drinkable water out of thin air: a molecularly engineered hydrogel that can create clean water using just the energy from sunlight.
Published You can leave your gloves on: New material burns viruses, safe for skin
(via sciencedaily.com) A new material that packs deadly heat for viruses on its outer surface while staying cool on the reverse side could be used to make sustainable, multiuse personal protective equipment.
Published Grasping entropy: Teachers and students investigate thermodynamics through a hands-on model
(via sciencedaily.com) Though a cornerstone of thermodynamics, entropy remains one of the most vexing concepts to teach budding physicists in the classroom. Physics teachers designed a hand-held model to demonstrate the concept of entropy for students. Using everyday materials, the approach allows students to confront the topic with new intuition -- one that takes specific aim at the confusion between entropy and disorder.
Published Deriving the fundamental limit of heat current in quantum mechanical many-particle systems
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have mathematically derived the fundamental limit of heat current flowing into a quantum system comprising numerous quantum mechanical particles in relation to the particle count. Further, they established a clearer understanding of how the heat current rises with increasing particle count, shedding light on the performance constraints of potential future quantum thermal devices.
Published Striking gold with molecular mystery solution for potential clean energy
(via sciencedaily.com) Hydrogen spillover is exactly what it sounds like. Small metal nanoparticles anchored on a thermally stable oxide, like silica, comprise a major class of catalysts, which are substances used to accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed themselves. The catalytic reaction usually occurs on the reactive -- and expensive -- metal, but on some catalysts, hydrogen atom-like equivalents literally spill from the metal to the oxide. These hydrogen-on-oxide species are called 'hydrogen spillover.'