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Categories: Computer Science: Encryption, Environmental: Ecosystems
Published Lagoons from the Arctic's 'forgotten coast' teem with fish and birds, vulnerable to climate change and human development
(via sciencedaily.com) A new scientific review article captures the unique and dynamic characteristics of coastal lagoon ecosystems in the Arctic Beringia Region, and discusses how climate change effects and human development could alter these habitats.
Published Climate risks for Gulf of Mexico coral reefs spelled out in study
(via sciencedaily.com) Ocean temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea are on pace to surpass critical thresholds for coral health by mid-century, but rapid action to significantly reduce emissions could slow warming, giving corals and coral conservation programs as much as 20 more years to adapt, according to new research.
Published Glass microspheres won't save Arctic sea ice
(via sciencedaily.com) A proposal to cover Arctic sea ice with layers of tiny hollow glass spheres about the thickness of one human hair would actually accelerate sea-ice loss and warm the climate rather than creating thick ice and lowering the temperature as proponents claim. Sea ice, by reflecting the majority of the sun's energy back to space, helps regulate ocean and air temperatures and influences ocean circulation. Its area and thickness is of critical importance to Earth's climate.
Published Coral select algae partnerships to ease environmental stress
(via sciencedaily.com) Corals live symbiotically with a variety of microscopic algae that provide most of the energy corals require, and some algae can make coral more resilient to heat stress. In assessing one of the main reef builders in Hawai'i, Montipora capitata or rice coral, researchers found that the symbiont community in those corals varied significantly in different parts of Kaneohe Bay.
Published Biologists identify broad coral disease resistance traits
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study provides a novel framework for identifying broad coral disease resistance traits and examines the fundamental processes behind species survival.
Published Not enough: Protecting algae-eating fish insufficient to save imperiled coral reefs
(via sciencedaily.com) How can we boost the resilience of the world's coral reefs, which are imperiled by multiple stresses including mass bleaching events linked to climate warming?
Published Rainy days on track to double in the Arctic by 2100
(via sciencedaily.com) Today, more snow than rain falls in the Arctic, but this is expected to reverse by the end of the century. A new study shows the frequency of rainy days in the Arctic could roughly double by 2100.
Published Don't crack: Deteriorating safety on frozen lakes in a warming world
(via sciencedaily.com) An international team of climate and lake scientists has demonstrated that crossing frozen lakes with heavy trucks may soon be a thing of the past.
Published Changes in marine ecosystems going undetected
(via sciencedaily.com) Existing ways of calculating biodiversity dynamics are not very effective in detecting wholesale species community change due to the effects of ocean acidification.
Published Scientists find link between fast-melting Arctic ice and ocean acidification
(via sciencedaily.com) An international team of researchers has found acidity levels increasing three to four times faster than ocean waters elsewhere and a strong correlation between the accelerated rate of melting ice in the region and the rate of ocean acidification. This threatens the Earth's climate and the survival of plants, shellfish, coral reefs and other marine life.
Published Study links cold water shock to catastrophic coral collapse in the Eastern Pacific
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists have discovered that an extreme weather event that resulted in rapid sea temperature drops of up to 10 degrees was the primary cause of a catastrophic coral die-off event off the coast of Costa Rica.
Published Population boom near globe's vulnerable coral reefs
(via sciencedaily.com) Millions more people across the globe are relying on our endangered coral reefs than 20 years ago, according to new figures into population growth in coastal areas.
Published Cattle grazing with virtual fencing shows potential to create wildfire fuel breaks, study finds
(via sciencedaily.com) The use of virtual fencing to manage cattle grazing on sagebrush rangelands has the potential to create fuel breaks needed to help fight wildfires, a recent study found.
Published Warming oceans are changing Australian reef fish populations
(via sciencedaily.com) Shallow reefs and the creatures that inhabit them are changing due to rising ocean temperatures, but these impacts have been obscured by a lack of comprehensive local data. A team of researchers has been tracking changes in the country's reefs for over a decade, and they now describe how they used fine-scale data to illustrate how warming waters impact tropical and temperate reef fish communities differently.
Published Anthropogenic air pollution more significant than desert dust
(via sciencedaily.com) At the beginning of the year, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the Middle East ranks among the regions with the worst air quality. There is a common misconception that desert dust is the most significant cause of air pollution from particulate matter in this region, but a new study has shown that more than 90 percent of the particulate matter that is detrimental to health originates from anthropogenic sources. This human-made fine particulate matter differs from the less harmful desert dust particles. Scientists determined this through ship borne measurements and verified it in elaborate modeling calculations. The anthropogenic particles are primarily caused by the production and use of fossil fuels such as oil and gas. They are generally smaller than desert dust and can penetrate deep into the lungs.
Published Scientists believe evolution could save coral reefs, if we let it
(via sciencedaily.com) Coral reefs can adapt to climate change if given the chance to evolve, according to a study.
Published Hibernating bears' ability to regulate insulin narrowed down to eight proteins
(via sciencedaily.com) Feeding honey to hibernating bears helped researchers find the potential genetic keys to the bears' insulin control, an advance that could ultimately lead to a treatment for human diabetes. Every year, bears gain an enormous amount of weight, then barely move for months, behavior that would spell diabetes in humans, but not for bears whose bodies can turn insulin resistance on and off almost like a switch. In the hunt for the bears' secret, scientists observed thousands of changes in gene expression during hibernation, but now a research team has narrowed that down to eight proteins.
Published Researchers discover expanding and intensifying low-oxygen zone in the Arabian gulf
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have studied the emergence of hypoxia -- low oxygen levels -- in the Gulf over three decades, a stressor on the health of marine life in the region and the larger ecosystem.
Published Refreezing poles feasible and cheap, new study finds
(via sciencedaily.com) Refreezing the poles by reducing incoming sunlight would be both feasible and remarkably cheap, according to new research.
Published Identifying research priorities for security and safety threats in the Arctic and the North-Atlantic
(via sciencedaily.com) A new method has been developed for identifying and prioritizing research activities related to maritime safety and security issues for the Arctic and the North-Atlantic (ANA) region.