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Categories: Computer Science: Encryption, Environmental: Ecosystems
Published Is climate change disrupting maritime boundaries?
(via sciencedaily.com) Coral reef islands and their reefs -- found across in the Indo-Pacific -- naturally grow and shrink due to complex biological and physical processes that have yet to be fully understood. Now, climate change is disrupting them further, leading to new uncertainties for legal maritime zones and small island states. Rising sea levels, coupled with the natural variability of atoll islands and coral reefs, is creating new uncertainty in international law, with geopolitical implications.
Published Climate models unreliable in predicting wave damage to coral reefs
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study finds that climate models are unreliable when it comes to predicting the damage that tropical cyclones will do to sensitive coral reefs.
Published Climate change threatens ice caves in Austria
(via sciencedaily.com) Eight ice caves in four Austrian federal states: A team of geologists has comprehensively documented the loss and gain of ice in Alpine ice caves over the last 2000 years for the first time. The geologists warn: The ice of smaller caves especially is in danger of disappearing in the near future and with it a valuable climate archive.
Published Research unlocks secrets of rodents' rat race to new lands
(via sciencedaily.com) New research has mapped the DNA from more than 150 species of native rodents from across Australia, New Guinea and Melanesian islands, painting a clearer picture of how they're related and how they ended up spreading across the Pacific.
Published New method to systematically find optimal quantum operation sequences for quantum computers developed
(via sciencedaily.com) Computer scientists have succeeded in developing a method for systematically finding the optimal quantum operation sequence for a quantum computer. They have developed a systematic method that applies optimal control theory (GRAPE algorithm) to identify the theoretically optimal sequence from among all conceivable quantum operation sequences. This method is expected to become a useful tool for medium-scale quantum computers and is expected to contribute to improving the performance of quantum computers and reducing environmental impact in the near future.
Published Corals pass mutations acquired during their lifetimes to offspring
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have documented that corals can pass mutations acquired during their lifetimes to their offspring, providing increased genetic diversity for potential evolutionary adaptation.
Published Ecologists use the latest dental scanning technology to study young coral
(via sciencedaily.com) Inspired by a trip to the dentist, a researcher presents a new method for monitoring coral size and growth that reduces surveying time by 99%.
Published Microbiologists study giant viruses in climate-endangered Arctic Epishelf Lake
(via sciencedaily.com) Investigators have produced an assessment of the abundance of the viruses in the Milne Fiord Epishelf Lake near the North Pole.
Published Arctic lakes are vanishing in surprise climate finding
(via sciencedaily.com) A study shows a widespread patterns of loss, upending scientists' previous projections.
Published From bits to p-bits: One step closer to probabilistic computing
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists have developed a mathematical description of what happens within tiny magnets as they fluctuate between states when an electric current and magnetic field are applied. Their findings could act as the foundation for engineering more advanced computers that can quantify uncertainty while interpreting complex data.
Published Getting to the bottom of the Arctic sea ice decline
(via sciencedaily.com) Sea ice levels in the Arctic Ocean are rapidly declining, due to global warming. Now, to understand and forecast the growth and decay of the ice, researchers have conducted a survey in the Arctic Ocean to investigate the influence of ocean heat on sea ice in the ice-ocean boundary layer. Their findings provide insights into the mechanisms of Arctic sea ice decline for making accurate predictions in the future regarding the global climate.
Published Which animals can best withstand climate change?
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study investigates how different mammals react to climate change. Animals that live for a long time and/or produce less offspring -- like bears and bison -- are more resilient than small animals with a short life -- like mice and lemmings.
Published As oceans warm, snapping shrimp sound a warning
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists have confirmed their previous observations that rising temperatures increase the sound of snapping shrimp, a tiny crustacean found in temperate and tropical coastal marine environments around the world.
Published Snow research fills gap in understanding Arctic climate
(via sciencedaily.com) Comprehensive data from several seasons of field research in the Alaskan Arctic will address uncertainties in Earth-system and climate-change models about snow cover across the region and its impacts on water and the environment.
Published Fish 'chock-full' of antifreeze protein found in iceberg habitats off Greenland
(via sciencedaily.com) New research based on an expedition to the icy waters off Greenland reveals soaring levels of antifreeze proteins in a species of tiny snailfish, underlying the importance of this unique adaptation to life in sub-zero temperatures. The study also warns that warming oceanic temperatures in the Arctic could pose a threat to these highly specialized fishes.
Published Thinking like a cyber-attacker to protect user data
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have shown that a component of modern computer processors that enables different areas of the chip to communicate with each other is susceptible to a side-channel attack. An attacker can monitor how traffic from two different cores on a processor interferes with each other to extract secret information, like a cryptographic key.
Published Thawing Arctic hillsides are major climate change contributors
(via sciencedaily.com) Thawing Arctic hillsides release a significant amount of organic carbon that has been locked in frozen ground for thousands of years but which now can contribute to an already warming climate, according to new research. The finding comes from the study of hillsides in a far north region of Russia, where the researchers also found a significant and rapid increase of collapsed hillsides. The collapses feature landslides that gradually expose more of the permafrost for thawing -- and more carbon for release.
Published Oft-overlooked grasslands build biodiversity, resilience over centuries
(via sciencedaily.com) The restoration of grassland ecosystems may need more of a guided, hands-on approach over time, according to a new review of global conservation efforts.
Published Tracking nitrogen pollution
(via sciencedaily.com) Tropical coastal ecosystems are among the most biodiverse areas on Earth. And they're also on the front lines of effects caused by human activity. That's why it's becoming increasingly important, especially as human populations increase, to manage the impacts of runoff and wastewater that flow into the sea.
Published Highest coral cover in central, northern Reef in 36 years
(via sciencedaily.com) The northern and central Great Barrier Reef have recorded their highest amount of coral cover since the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) began monitoring 36 years ago. However, average coral cover in the southern region decreased due to ongoing crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks. While the Reef experienced its fourth major bleaching event in the past seven years this year, it didn't reach the intensity of earlier events and was not expected to lead to mass coral mortality.