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Categories: Mathematics: Modeling, Offbeat: Plants and Animals
Published Characters' actions in movie scripts reflect gender stereotypes
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have developed a novel machine-learning framework that uses scene descriptions in movie scripts to automatically recognize different characters' actions. Applying the framework to hundreds of movie scripts showed that these actions tend to reflect widespread gender stereotypes, some of which are found to be consistent across time.
Published Should we tax robots?
(via sciencedaily.com) A small tax on robots, as well as on trade generally, will help reduce income inequality in the U.S., according to economists.
Published Study shows how machine learning could predict rare disastrous events, like earthquakes or pandemics
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers suggest how scientists can circumvent the need for massive data sets to forecast extreme events with the combination of an advanced machine learning system and sequential sampling techniques.
Published Artificial Intelligence searches an early sign of osteoarthritis from an x-ray image
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have developed an AI based neural network to detect an early knee osteoarthritis from x-ray images. AI was able to match a doctors' diagnosis in 87% of cases. The result is important because x-rays are the primary diagnostic method for early knee osteoarthritis. An early diagnosis can save the patient from unnecessary examinations, treatments and even knee joint replacement surgery.
Published AI model proactively predicts if a COVID-19 test might be positive or not
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study shows machine-learning models trained using simple symptoms, demographic features are effective in predicting COVID-19 infections.
Published Hummingbird flight could provide insights for biomimicry in aerial vehicles
(via sciencedaily.com) Using a novel modeling method, a team of researchers gained new insights into how hummingbirds produce wing movement, which could lead to design improvements in flying robots.
Published A peculiar protected structure links Viking knots with quantum vortices
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Mathematical analysis identifies a vortex structure that is impervious to decay.
Published Revealing the complex magnetization reversal mechanism with topological data analysis
(via sciencedaily.com) The reliability of data storage and writing speed in advanced magnetic devices depend on drastic, complex changes in microscopic magnetic domain structures. However, it is extremely challenging to quantify these changes, limiting our understanding of magnetic phenomena. To tackle this, researchers developed, using machine learning and topology, an analysis method that quantifies the complexity of the magnetic domain structures, revealing hidden features of magnetization reversal that are hardly seen by human eyes.
Published Curved spacetime in the lab
(via sciencedaily.com) In a laboratory experiment, researchers have succeeded in realizing an effective spacetime that can be manipulated. In their research on ultracold quantum gases, they were able to simulate an entire family of curved universes to investigate different cosmological scenarios and compare them with the predictions of a quantum field theoretical model.
Published Finding simplicity within complexity
(via sciencedaily.com) With the theory that for every action, even those seemingly complex and random, there is a math problem that describes it, a researcher is publishing a new formula that helps find that equation quickly. Yes, he's speeding up science.
Published Coupled computer modeling can help more accurately predict coastal flooding, study demonstrates
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers used a unique coupled computer modeling approach to accurately recreate the coastal flooding that occurred during Hurricane Florence, demonstrating that it is more accurate than traditional modeling approaches.
Published Explainable AI-based physical theory for advanced materials design
(via sciencedaily.com) Microscopic image data is key to developing low-power, high-speed electronic devices. However, the complex interactions in nanoscale magnetic materials are difficult to understand. A research group has now realized a new functional design theory called 'extended Landau free energy model' that combines topology and AI with free energy to automate the interpretation of the microscopic image. This model illustrates the physical mechanism and critical location of magnetization reversal and proposes a device structure with low energy consumption.
Published A simpler path to better computer vision
(via sciencedaily.com) Research finds using a large collection of simple, un-curated synthetic image generation programs to pretrain a computer vision model for image classification yields greater accuracy than employing other pretraining methods that are more costly and time consuming, and less scalable.
Published Glass-like shells of diatoms help turn light into energy in dim conditions
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study has revealed how the glass-like shells of diatoms help these microscopic organisms perform photosynthesis in dim conditions. A better understanding of how these phytoplankton harvest and interact with light could lead to improved solar cells, sensing devices and optical components.
Published Scientists promote FAIR standards for managing artificial intelligence models
(via sciencedaily.com) Computational scientists adopt new framework for making AI models more findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable.
Published How network pruning can skew deep learning models
(via sciencedaily.com) Computer science researchers have demonstrated that a widely used technique called neural network pruning can adversely affect the performance of deep learning models, detailed what causes these performance problems, and demonstrated a technique for addressing the challenge.
Published Machine learning, from you
(via sciencedaily.com) Many computer systems people interact with on a daily basis require knowledge about certain aspects of the world, or models, to work. These systems have to be trained, often needing to learn to recognize objects from video or image data. This data often contains superfluous content that reduces the accuracy of models. So researchers found a way to incorporate natural hand gestures into the teaching process. This way, users can more easily teach machines about objects, and the machines can also learn more effectively.
Published Mathematicians explain how some fireflies flash in sync
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study by mathematicians shows that math borrowed from neuroscience can describe how swarms of these unique insects coordinate their light show, capturing key details about how they behave in the wild.
Published A faster experiment to find and study topological materials
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have found an efficient way to identify 'topological' materials, whose surfaces can have different electrical or functional properties than their interiors. The approach should make it easier uncover materials that could be the basis of next-generation computer chips or quantum devices.
Published Rewards only promote cooperation if the other person also learns about them
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers show that reputation plays a key role in determining which rewarding policies people adopt. Using game theory, they explain why individuals learn to use rewards to specifically promote good behavior.