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Categories: Mathematics: General

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Biology: Evolutionary Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling Mathematics: Puzzles
Published

Scientists uncover a surprising connection between number theory and evolutionary genetics      (via sciencedaily.com) 

An interdisciplinary team of mathematicians, engineers, physicists, and medical scientists has uncovered an unexpected link between pure mathematics and genetics, that reveals key insights into the structure of neutral mutations and the evolution of organisms.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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Researcher turns one of the basic rules of construction upside down      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Structural engineers are familiar with seventeenth-century scientist Robert Hooke's theory that a hanging chain will mirror the shape of an upstanding rigid arch. However, new research now shows that this common-held belief is incorrect because, regardless of the similarities, the hanging chain and the arch are two incompatible mechanical systems.

Computer Science: Artificial Intelligence (AI) Mathematics: General
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GPT detectors can be biased against non-native English writers      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers show that computer programs commonly used to determine if a text was written by artificial intelligence tend to falsely label articles written by non-native language speakers as AI-generated. The researchers caution against the use of such AI text detectors for their unreliability, which could have negative impacts on individuals including students and those applying for jobs.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling Mathematics: Puzzles
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Board games are boosting math ability in young children      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Board games based on numbers, like Monopoly, Othello and Chutes and Ladders, make young children better at math, according to a comprehensive review of research published on the topic over the last 23 years.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Statistics Offbeat: Computers and Math
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Number cruncher calculates whether whales are acting weirdly      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

We humans can be a scary acquaintance for whales in the wild. This includes marine biologists tagging them with measuring devices to understand them better. These experiences can make whales behave erratically for a while. Such behaviour can affect research quality and highlights an animal ethics dilemma. Now, researchers have figured out how to solve the problems with math.

Engineering: Robotics Research Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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Deciphering the thermodynamic arrow of time in large-scale complex networks      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A solution for temporal asymmetry -- or entropy production -- in thermodynamics has been developed to further our understanding of the behavior of biological systems, machine learning, and AI tools. The researchers worked on the time-irreversible Ising model dynamics caused by asymmetric connections between neurons.

Mathematics: General
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Combining maths with music leads to higher scores, suggests review of 50 years of research      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Children do better at maths when music is a key part of their lessons, an analysis of almost 50 years of research on the topic has revealed.

Computer Science: Encryption Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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Evaluating cybersecurity methods      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers created a generic framework that enables an engineer or scientist to evaluate the effectiveness of defense schemes that seek to limit a hacker's ability to learn secret information by observing the behavior of a victim computer program.

Computer Science: General Mathematics: General
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What math can teach us about standing up to bullies      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

New research from Dartmouth takes a fresh look at game theory to show that being uncooperative can help people on the weaker side of a power dynamic achieve a more equal outcome -- and even inflict some loss on their abusive counterpart. The findings can be applied to help equalize the balance of power in labor negotiations, international relations and everyday interactions, as well as integrate cooperation into interconnected AI systems such as driverless cars.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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High-quality child care contributes to later success in science, math      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Children who receive high-quality child care as babies, toddlers and preschoolers do better in science, technology, engineering and math through high school, and that link is stronger among children from low-income backgrounds, according to new research.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling Offbeat: Computers and Math Offbeat: General
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A step toward safe and reliable autopilots for flying      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers developed a machine-learning technique that can autonomously drive a car or fly a plane through a very difficult 'stabilize-avoid' scenario, in which the vehicle must stabilize its trajectory to arrive at and stay within some goal region, while avoiding obstacles.

Mathematics: General
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Reading between the cracks: Artificial intelligence can identify patterns in surface cracking to assess damage in reinforced concrete structures      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers are trying to make the process more efficient and definitive by using artificial intelligence, combined with a classic mathematical method for quantifying web-like networks, to determine how damaged a concrete structure is, based solely on its pattern of cracking.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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Extracting the best flavor from coffee      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers explore the role of uneven coffee extraction using a simple mathematical model. They split the coffee into two regions to examine whether uneven flow does in fact make weaker espresso. One of the regions in the model system hosted more tightly packed coffee than the other, which caused an initial disparity in flow resistance. The extraction of coffee decreased the flow resistance further. Understanding the origin of uneven extraction and avoiding or preventing it could enable better brews and substantial financial savings by using coffee more efficiently.

Biology: Biochemistry Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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Unraveling the mathematics behind wiggly worm knots      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers wanted to understand precisely how blackworms execute tangling and ultrafast untangling movements for a myriad of biological functions. They researched the topology of the tangles. Their research could inform the design of fiber-like, shapeshifting robotics that self-assemble and move in ways that are fast and reversible.

Computer Science: Artificial Intelligence (AI) Mathematics: General Offbeat: Computers and Math Offbeat: General
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ChatGPT is still no match for humans when it comes to accounting      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

ChatGPT faced off against students on accounting assessments. Students scored an overall average of 76.7%, compared to ChatGPT's score of 47.4%. On a 11.3% of questions, ChatGPT scored higher than the student average, doing particularly well on AIS and auditing. But the AI bot did worse on tax, financial, and managerial assessments, possibly because ChatGPT struggled with the mathematical processes required for the latter type.

Computer Science: Quantum Computers Mathematics: General Offbeat: Computers and Math Offbeat: General Physics: General Physics: Quantum Computing Physics: Quantum Physics
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Rock, paper, scissors: Searching for stronger nonlocality using quantum computers      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

In the quantum world particles can instantaneously know about each other's state, even when separated by large distances. This is known as nonlocality. Now, A research group has produced some interesting findings on the Hardy nonlocality that have important ramifications for understanding quantum mechanics and its potential applications in communications.

Computer Science: Artificial Intelligence (AI) Computer Science: General Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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Researcher solves nearly 60-year-old game theory dilemma      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A researcher has solved a nearly 60-year-old game theory dilemma called the wall pursuit game, with implications for better reasoning about autonomous systems such as driver-less vehicles.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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Stick to your lane: Hidden order in chaotic crowds      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Mathematical research brings new understanding of crowd formation and behavior.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling
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Think you're good at math? Study shows it may be because you had equitable math teachers      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new study finds that high school students identify more with math if they see their math teacher treating everyone in the class equitably, especially in racially diverse schools. While the relationship between teacher equity and math identity was evident across races, there was an interesting exception. Black students, in general, had strong math identities, regardless of their teacher's actions.  Learning about the factors that affect student math identity is important because a student's attitude towards the subject influences the courses that they take as well as their future career selections. This study suggests that teachers may have a larger role to play in helping students develop a positive math identity than previously recognized.