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Categories: Mathematics: Statistics, Space: Cosmology

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Space: Cosmology Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

2400 new eyes on the sky to see cosmic rainbows      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The Subaru Telescope successfully demonstrated engineering first light with a new instrument that will use about 2400 fiberoptic cables to capture the light from heavenly objects. Full operation is scheduled to start around 2024. The ability to observe thousands of objects simultaneously will provide unprecedented amounts of data to fuel Big Data Astronomy in the coming decade.

Space: Cosmology Space: Exploration Space: Structures and Features
Published

Hubble captures three faces of evolving supernova in early universe      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Three different moments in a far-off supernova explosion were captured in a single snapshot by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The star exploded more than 11 billion years ago, when the universe was less than a fifth of its current age of 13.8 billion years.

Space: Cosmology Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

A supernova in distant space allows us to understand the origin of the elements in the universe      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A supernova is a stellar explosion, which occurs when the lives of some really massive stars come to an end. In this violent epilogue, the star expels the material from its outer layers by means of a shock wave, allowing us to see the various elements it was composed of.

Space: Cosmology Space: Structures and Features
Published

Red-supergiant supernova: Secrets of an earlier Universe      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

An international research team has measured the size of a star dating back more than 11 billion years ago using images that show the evolution of the star exploding and cooling. The research could help scientists learn more about the early Universe.

Space: Cosmology Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

Oldest planetary debris in our galaxy found from new study      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Astronomers have identified the oldest star in our galaxy that is accreting debris from orbiting planetesimals, making it one of the oldest rocky and icy planetary systems discovered in the Milky Way.

Space: Cosmology
Published

First glimpse of what gravity looks like on cosmological scales      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists have reconstructed gravity to find a more robust way of understanding the cosmos.

Space: Cosmology Space: Structures and Features
Published

IceCube neutrinos give us first glimpse into the inner depths of an active galaxy      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists have found evidence of high-energy neutrino emission from NGC 1068, also known as Messier 77, an active galaxy in the constellation Cetus and one of the most familiar and well-studied galaxies to date.

Space: Cosmology Space: Structures and Features
Published

Uncovering the massive quantum mysteries of black holes      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Bizarre quantum properties of black holes -- including their mind-bending ability to have different masses simultaneously -- have been confirmed by physicists.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Modeling Mathematics: Statistics
Published

Mathematical modeling suggests U.S. counties are still unprepared for COVID spikes      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

America was unprepared for the magnitude of the pandemic, which overwhelmed many counties and filled some hospitals to capacity. A new study suggests there may have been a mathematical method, of sorts, to the madness of those early COVID days.

Space: Cosmology
Published

Rare Earth elements synthesis confirmed in neutron star mergers      (via sciencedaily.com) 

When two neutron stars merge, the resultant explosion forms heavy elements -- many of which make up our Universe. A new study has identified the specific rare-earth elements produced in a neutron star merger.

Space: Cosmology Space: Structures and Features
Published

Cosmic rays drive galaxy's winds      (via sciencedaily.com) 

VLA observations revealed that cosmic rays can play an important role in driving winds that rob galaxies of the gas needed to form new stars. This mechanism may be an important factor in galactic evolution, particularly at earlier times in the history of the universe.

Space: Cosmology
Published

Using carbon-carbon clumping to detect the signature of biotic hydrocarbons      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The mystery of the origin of hydrocarbons found in extraterrestrial environment may finally be resolved, thanks to a technique based on a 13C-13C abundance analysis. By measuring the abundance of clumped 13C-13C isotope in the hydrocarbons, it can be inferred if a hydrocarbon was produced via biological processes. This could open doors to distinguishing such hydrocarbons from abiotic ones, aiding our search for extra-terrestrial life.

Space: Cosmology Space: Exploration Space: Structures and Features
Published

Unprecedented glimpse of merging galaxies      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Using the James Webb Space Telescope to look back in time at the early universe, astronomers discovered a surprise: a cluster of galaxies merging together around a rare red quasar within a massive black hole. The findings offer an unprecedented opportunity to observe how billions of years ago galaxies coalesced into the modern universe.

Space: Cosmology Space: Exploration Space: Structures and Features
Published

NASA's Webb takes star-filled portrait of pillars of creation      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has captured a lush, highly detailed landscape -- the iconic Pillars of Creation -- where new stars are forming within dense clouds of gas and dust. The three-dimensional pillars look like majestic rock formations, but are far more permeable. These columns are made up of cool interstellar gas and dust that appear -- at times -- semi-transparent in near-infrared light.

Mathematics: Statistics
Published

Statistical oversight could explain inconsistencies in nutritional research      (via sciencedaily.com) 

People often wonder why one nutritional study tells them that eating too many eggs, for instance, will lead to heart disease and another tells them the opposite. The answer to this and other conflicting food studies may lie in the use of statistics, according to a new report.

Mathematics: Statistics
Published

Biomarkers used to track benefits of anti-aging therapies can be misleading, suggests nematode study      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers followed the birth and death of tens of thousands of nematode worms using the 'Lifespan Machine', which collects lifespan data at unprecedented statistical resolution. They found that worms have at least two distinct 'biological ages', and that these have consistent correlations between each other, suggesting the existence of an invisible hierarchical structure that regulates the ageing process. The findings challenge the idea of living organisms having a single, universal biological age. It also means mean that biomarkers used to assess biological age can be changed by interventions such as diet, exercise, or drug treatments without actually turning a 'fast ager' into a 'slow ager'. The study calls into question the use of ageing biomarkers -- what exactly are they measuring?

Mathematics: Statistics
Published

New software platform advances understanding of the surface finish of manufactured components      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The contact.engineering platform enables users to create a digital twin of a surface and thus to help predict, for example, how quickly it wears out, how well it conducts heat, or how well it adheres to other materials.

Mathematics: Statistics
Published

Healthcare researchers must be wary of misusing AI      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A commentary advocates the proper application of artificial intelligence in healthcare and warns of the dangers when machine learning algorithms are misused.

Mathematics: Statistics
Published

New method to identify symmetries in data using Bayesian statistics      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists have developed a method to identify symmetries in multi-dimensional data using Bayesian statistical techniques. Bayesian statistics has been in the spotlight in recent years due to improvements in computer performance and its potential applications in artificial intelligence. However, this statistical approach requires complex calculations of integrals, which are often considered approximations only. In their new study, the research team successfully derived new exact integral formulas. Their findings contribute to improving the accuracy of methods to identify data symmetries, possibly extending their applications to wider areas of interest, such as genetic analysis.

Mathematics: Statistics
Published

Idea of ice age 'species pump' in the Philippines boosted by new way of drawing evolutionary trees      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A groundbreaking Bayesian method and new statistical analyses of genomic data from geckos in the Philippines shows that during the ice ages, the timing of gecko diversification gives strong statistical support for the first time to the Pleistocene aggregate island complex (PAIC) model of diversification, or 'species pump.'