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Categories: Ecology: Trees, Mathematics: General

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Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems
Published

Life cycle of tree roots      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists have developed a method for the direct observation of fine roots, which control the uptake of nutrients and water by trees. This provides a valuable addition to the existing knowledge of carbon and nutrient cycling in the forest floor, leading to further understanding of the carbon cycle from the view point of initial carbon input into the soil and aiding forest management and soil conservation.

Ecology: Trees
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UV-to-red light converting films accelerate plant growth      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Plastic sheets coated with an Eu3+ film that converts UV light to red light were able to accelerate growth of vegetal plants and trees.

Ecology: Trees Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
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Tree rings offer insight into devastating radiation storms      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new study has shed new light on a mysterious, unpredictable and potentially devastating kind of astrophysical event.

Ecology: Trees
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By leaving garden waste alone, we could store 600,000 tons of CO2 per year      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Danes shuttle nearly a million tons of garden waste from their gardens every year. But we would be doing the climate a great service if we just left it alone, according to the new calculations. At the same time, leaves and other garden waste are a boon for backyard biodiversity and soil.

Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: Wildfires
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Forest recovery after Montana's 2017 fire season      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers found thousands of seedlings growing after recent fires in Montana, especially at sites with cooler, damper conditions -- often found in the shade of the dead trees and upper canopy, as well as on the north side of mountains with higher elevations and more undergrowth. Researchers found fewer seedlings at sites with less shade and drier, hotter conditions.

Mathematics: General
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Number-crunching mathematical models may give policy makers major headache      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Policy makers assume that adding more detail to mathematical models will produce more accurate predictions, but that's not always the case, a new study shows.

Mathematics: General
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Predicting risk of aneurysm rupture      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Predicting the rupture of aneurysms is crucial for medical prevention and treatment. As aspect ratio and size ratio increase and an aneurysm expands, the stress applied against the aneurysm walls and the time blood spends within it increase. This leads the probability of rupture to rise. Researchers develop a patient-specific mathematical model to examine what aneurysm parameters influence rupture risk prior to surgery. Computed tomography scans are fed into the model, which reconstructs the geometry and blood flow of the aneurysm. It then uses equations to describe the fluid flow, generating information about the blood vessel walls and blood flow patterns.

Mathematics: General
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Study shows how math, science identity in students affects college, career outcomes      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Two researchers have published a study that asked students if they see themselves as a math or science person, then followed up with them several times in following years. Results showed those who said yes in ninth grade were much likelier to major in STEM subjects and work in related fields after college. The results show the importance of helping students have positive math and science experiences early and could be a way to help address equity gaps in STEM.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Puzzles
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As few as 1 in 5 COVID cases may have been counted worldwide, mathematical models suggest      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Mathematical models indicate that as few as one in five cases of COVID-19 which occurred during the first 29 months of the pandemic are accounted for in the half billion cases officially reported.

Mathematics: General
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Mathematics enable scientists to understand organization within a cell's nucleus      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have developed a new mathematical technique to begin to understand how a cell's nucleus is organized. They hope this understanding will expose vulnerabilities that can be targeted to reprogram a cell to stop cancer or other diseases.

Mathematics: General
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What is the best way to group students? Math model      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have developed a new approach that uses math to determine the best ways to group individuals to maximize learning. Their work has broad implications in education, as well as in economics, music, medicine, and sports.

Mathematics: General Mathematics: Puzzles
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The way you talk to your child about math matters      (via sciencedaily.com) 

'You're so smart!' -- This encouraging response may actually do more harm than good to children's math performance, according to a new study. The study found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal traits or innate abilities may dampen their math motivation and achievement over time.

Mathematics: General
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Pioneering mathematical formula paves way for exciting advances in health, energy, and food industry      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A groundbreaking mathematical equation has been discovered, which could transform medical procedures, natural gas extraction, and plastic packaging production in the future.

Mathematics: General
Published

Push, pull or swirl: The many movements of cilia      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers know about many of cilia's roles, but not exactly how they beat in the first place. A new mathematical model aims to uncover the secret to cilia's beating motions.

Mathematics: General
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Researchers use computer modeling to understand how self-renewal processes impact skin cell evolution      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists have used mathematical and computer modeling to demonstrate the impact of skin homeostasis on driver and passenger mutations.

Mathematics: General
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Mixing things up: Optimizing fluid mixing with machine learning      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Fluid mixing is an important part of several industrial processes and chemical reactions. However, the process often relies on trial-and-error-based experiments instead of mathematical optimization. While turbulent mixing is effective, it cannot always be sustained and can damage the materials involved. To address this issue, researchers have now proposed an optimization approach to fluid mixing for laminar flows using machine learning, which can be extended to turbulent mixing as well.

Mathematics: General
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Safe havens for cooperation      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Whether networks with a high level of cooperation emerge in a community depends on how quickly individuals leave -- for example, because they are exploited by others. Researchers investigated this problem by modeling a well-known cooperation game. They consider a spatial network, where players can relocate between different patches if they judge the local conditions to be unfavorable.

Mathematics: General
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Ultracold atoms dressed by light simulate gauge theories      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have used the coldest systems in the universe to realize in the laboratory gauge theories, key models of modern physics that describe the fundamental forces of Nature and the behavior of complex quantum materials.

Mathematics: General
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Researchers discover major roadblock in alleviating network congestion      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers discovered that congestion control algorithms designed to ensure multiple users sending data over a network do so fairly are actually unable to avoid situations where some users are hogging all the bandwidth.

Mathematics: General
Published

New model predicts how temperature affects life from quantum to classical scales      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new theory explains how every process depends on temperature. This theory could help researchers make accurate predictions in a range of areas, including biological responses to climate change, the spread of infectious diseases, and food production.