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Categories: Ecology: Trees, Environmental: Wildfires

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Ecology: Trees
Published

Findings for invasive insect's life cycle could aid management in southeast      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

New research findings could help scientists control the emerald ash borer, an invasive pest ravaging native ash trees in North America.

Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: Wildfires Paleontology: Climate
Published

Climate whiplash increased wildfires on California's west coast about 8,000 years ago      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have been studying the effects of the sudden decrease in global temperatures that occurred about 8,200 years ago, the so-called 8.2-kiloyear event, with the help of mineral deposits present in White Moon Cave in Northern California. New indications show that oscillations between extreme wetness and aridity in California were closely linked with the occurrence of wildfires. The researchers have concluded that such events are likely to become more common in the face of human-induced climate change.

Environmental: Wildfires
Published

Americans flocking to fire: National migration study      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Americans are leaving many of the U.S. counties hit hardest by hurricanes and heatwaves -- and moving towards dangerous wildfires and warmer temperatures, says one of the largest studies of U.S. migration and natural disasters. These results are concerning, as wildfire and rising temperatures are projected to worsen with climate change. The study was inspired by the increasing number of headlines of record-breaking natural disasters.

Ecology: Trees Paleontology: Fossils
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New branch on tree of life includes 'lions of the microbial world'      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

There's a new branch on the tree of life and it's made up of predators that nibble their prey to death. These microbial predators fall into two groups, one of which researchers have dubbed 'nibblerids' because they, well, nibble chunks off their prey using tooth-like structures. The other group, nebulids, eat their prey whole. And both comprise a new ancient branch on the tree of life called 'Provora,' according to a new article.

Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems
Published

In the tropics, nitrogen-fixing trees take a hit from herbivores      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

The ability of tropical forests to grow and store carbon is limited, in part, by herbivory. Insects and other animals prefer to feed on nitrogen-fixing trees, reducing the success of fixers and the nitrogen they provide. Experts now recommend accounting for herbivory constraints on nitrogen-fixing trees in climate models and projections of the tropical forest carbon sink.

Anthropology: Cultures Anthropology: General Archaeology: General Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: Wildfires Paleontology: General
Published

For 400 years, Indigenous tribes buffered climate's impact on wildfires in the American Southwest      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Devastating megafires are becoming more common, in part, because the planet is warming. But a new study suggests bringing 'good fire' back to the U.S. and other wildfire fire-prone areas, as Native Americans once did, could potentially blunt the role of climate in triggering today's wildfires.

Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Forest resilience linked with higher mortality risk in western US      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A forest's resilience, or ability to absorb environmental disturbances, has long been thought to be a boost for its odds of survival against the looming threat of climate change. But a new study suggests that for some Western U.S. forests, it's quite the opposite. The results of one of the first large-scale studies of its kind show that while high ecosystem resilience correlates with low mortality in eastern forests, it is linked to high mortality in western regions.

Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Climate change in the forests of northern Germany      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

More and more trees are suffering the consequences of decades of human-made climate change. The growth of the European beech has so far suffered decline mainly in southern Europe. European beech is Germany's most important native forest tree species and it is most commonly found in Central Europe. A research team has now been able to show that the European beech is suffering from increasing drought stress in summer in northern Germany as well. This climate stress is particularly pronounced at warmer sites, when there is a higher density of these trees together, and on very sandy soils.

Ecology: Trees
Published

Living in greener areas is associated with better mental health and less medication use      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A new study has evaluated the relationship between better mental health and the 3-30-300 green space rule. According to this rule of thumb, everyone should be able to see at least three trees from their home, have 30 percent tree canopy cover in their neighborhood and not live more than 300 meters away from the nearest park or green space.

Ecology: Trees
Published

Cheetah marking trees are hotspots for communication also for other species      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Marking trees are important hotspots of communication for cheetahs: Here they exchange information with and about other cheetahs via scent marks, urine and scats. A team has now shown that several mammalian species on farmland in Namibia maintain a network for intra- and interspecific communication at cheetah trees. Black-backed jackals, African wildcats and warthogs visited and sniffed the cheetahs' 'places to be' more frequently than control trees, the team concluded from photos and videos recorded by wildlife camera traps. A common prey species of the cheetahs, however, avoided these hotspots.

Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Environmental Issues Paleontology: Climate
Published

Old-growth trees more drought tolerant than younger ones, providing a buffer against climate change      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A new analysis of more than 20,000 trees on five continents shows that old-growth trees are more drought tolerant than younger trees in the forest canopy and may be better able to withstand future climate extremes. The findings highlight the importance of preserving the world's remaining old-growth forests, which are biodiversity strongholds that store vast amounts of planet-warming carbon, according to forest ecologists.

Environmental: Wildfires
Published

'Digital footprints' central to new approach for studying post-disturbance recreation changes      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new social media-based study of recreation visitation in the Gorge following the Eagle Creek Fire expands on research launched in 2016 -- and holds promise for other large, multi-ownership landscapes. The study shows how using new approaches that draw from social media data can help us better understand the complex relationships between wildfire, natural resource management, and people.

Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: Wildfires Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Major fires an increasing risk as the air gets thirstier, research shows      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Greater atmospheric demand for water means a dramatic increase in the risk of major fires in global forests unless we take urgent and effective climate action, new research finds. Researchers have examined global climate and fire records in all of the world's forests over the last 20 years.

Biology: Microbiology Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems
Published

Forests benefit from tree species variety and genetic diversity      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Reforestation projects should include a variety of tree species and ensure genetic diversity within each species to maximize new forests' health and productivity.

Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems
Published

Animals are key to restoring the world's forests      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

By dispersing seeds, animals can rapidly reestablish plant diversity in degraded forests.

Environmental: Wildfires
Published

When cyclones and fires collide...      (via sciencedaily.com) 

As strong winds and torrential rains inundate Australia's south-eastern coast, new research suggests that high intensity bushfires might not be too far behind, with their dual effects extending damage zones and encroaching on previously low-risk residential areas.

Biology: Microbiology Ecology: Trees
Published

Genome studies uncover a new branch in fungal evolution      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

About 600 seemingly disparate fungi that had resisted categorization have been shown to have a common ancestor, according to a a research team that used genome sequencing to give these peculiar creatures a new classification home.

Ecology: Trees
Published

Old World flycatchers' family tree mapped      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

The European robin's closest relatives are found in tropical Africa. The European robin is therefore not closely related to the Japanese robin, despite their close similarity in appearance. This is confirmed by a new study of the Old World flycatcher family, to which these birds belong. The study comprises 92 per cent of the more than 300 species in this family.

Ecology: Trees
Published

What shapes the composition of microbes in a warbler's gut?      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Differences among the collection of bacteria and other microorganisms that live within birds' digestive tracts -- their gut microbiomes -- are not primarily driven by diet diversity, contrary to a recently proposed hypothesis. Instead, a team of researchers found that evolution may play a larger role in explaining these differences, which could potentially have implications for how these species adapt to new habitats.

Ecology: Trees
Published

Planting trees can save lives, study shows      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A 30-year tree planting campaign in Portland, Oregon, allowed researchers to show that the number of trees planted in the street is associated with reductions in mortality, and that the association grows stronger as the trees age and grow.