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Categories: Biology: Developmental, Engineering: Graphene
Published AI technology generates original proteins from scratch
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists have created an AI system capable of generating artificial enzymes from scratch. In laboratory tests, some of these enzymes worked as well as those found in nature, even when their artificially generated amino acid sequences diverged significantly from any known natural protein.
Published Artificial human skin paves the way to new skin cancer therapy
(via sciencedaily.com) In a new study, researchers have managed to curb skin cancer. The study was conducted on artificial human skin.
Published Pioneering approach advances study of CTCF protein in transcription biology
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists used the auxin-inducible degron 2 system on CTCF, bringing the novel approach to bear on a fundamental protein.
Published Physicists solve mystery of two-dimensional quasicrystal formation from metal oxides
(via sciencedaily.com) The structure of two-dimensional titanium oxide brakes-up at high temperatures by adding barium; instead of regular hexagons, rings of four, seven and ten atoms are created that order aperiodically. A team has now solved the riddle of two-dimensional quasicrystal formation from metal oxides.
Published Scientists discover the evolutionary secret behind different animal life cycles
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers uncover for the first time the mechanism that likely explains how embryos form either a larva or a miniature version of the adult.
Published Actin affects the spread of cancer in several ways
(via sciencedaily.com) The transport of molecules along the cell's skeleton plays a role in cancer metastasis, researchers show.
Published Recyclable mobile phone batteries a step closer with rust-busting invention
(via sciencedaily.com) Mobile phone batteries with a lifetime up to three times longer than today's technology could be a reality thanks to a recent innovation.
Published How cells prevent harmful extra DNA copies
(via sciencedaily.com) A protein that prepares DNA for replication also prevents the replication process from running out of control, according to a new study. The work solves a mystery that has long puzzled biologists.
Published Botany: Chloroplast from the father
(via sciencedaily.com) Under cold conditions, not only the mother plant but also the father plant can pass on its chloroplasts to the offspring.
Published Genome editing procedures optimized
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists succeed in boosting the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 and related methods and modifying initially inaccessible DNA sequences. They fine-tuned these tools to enable effective genetic screening for modelling specific gene mutations.
Published New genetic disorder that causes susceptibility to opportunistic infections
(via sciencedaily.com) Immunogeneticists have discovered a new genetic disorder that causes immunodeficiency and profound susceptibility to opportunistic infections including a life-threatening fungal pneumonia.
Published DNA from domesticated chickens is tainting genomes of wild red junglefowl, study finds
(via sciencedaily.com) The red junglefowl -- the wild ancestor of the chicken -- is losing its genetic diversity by interbreeding with domesticated birds, according to a new study.
Published Electronic nose: Sensing the odor molecules on graphene surface layered with self-assembled peptides
(via sciencedaily.com) Graphene-based olfactory sensors that can detect odor molecules based on the design of peptide sequences were recently demonstrated. The findings indicated that graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) functionalized with designable peptides can be used to develop electronic devices that mimic olfactory receptors and emulate the sense of smell by selectively detecting odor molecules.
Published An Old Yellow Enzyme helps algae combat photooxidative stress
(via sciencedaily.com) Old Yellow Enzymes (OYEs) were discovered in the 1930s and have been the subject of much research ever since. This is because these biocatalysts -- coloured yellow by an auxiliary molecule -- are capable of performing reactions that are very valuable for the chemical industry, such as producing drug precursors or fragrances. Even though OYEs are found in many organisms, their natural role for these organisms has hardly been understood so far -- possibly because the research focus has been on their biotechnological application. Researchers have now shown that an OYE of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is vital for this plant microorganism to protect itself from photooxidative stress.
Published New study decodes one of the living world's fastest cell movements
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Heliozoan axopodia are important for their motility. However, the underlying mechanism of their axopodial contraction has remained ambiguous. Recently, researchers have reported that microtubules are simultaneously cleaved at multiple sites, allowing the radiating axopodia in a heliozoan, Raphidocystis contractilis, to disappear almost instantly. They have now identified the gene set and proteins involved in this microtubule disruption. This research can help develop a method to detect water pollution and evaluate the efficacy of new anticancer drugs.
Published Modified CRISPR-based enzymes improve the prospect of inserting entire genes into the genome to overcome diverse disease-causing mutations
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Many genetic diseases are caused by diverse mutations spread across an entire gene, and designing genome editing approaches for each patient's mutation would be impractical and costly.
Published Discovery of a new form of carbon called Long-range Ordered Porous Carbon (LOPC)
(via sciencedaily.com) The most well-known forms of carbon include graphite and diamond, but there are other more exotic nanoscale allotropes of carbon as well. These include graphene and fullerenes, which are sp2 hybridized carbon with zero (flat-shaped) or positive (sphere-shaped) curvatures. Researchers now report the discovery of a new form of carbon formed by heating fullerenes with lithium nitride.
Published Humidity may be the key to super-lubricity 'switch'
(via sciencedaily.com) A material state known as super-lubricity, where friction between two contacting surfaces nearly vanishes, is a phenomenon that materials researchers have studied for years due to the potential for reducing the energy cost and wear and tear on devices, two major drawbacks of friction. However, there are times when friction is needed within the same device, and the ability to turn super-lubricity on and off would be a boon for multiple practical engineering applications.
Published Researchers discover new process to create freestanding membranes of 'smart' materials
(via sciencedaily.com) A team has developed a new method for making nano-membranes of 'smart' materials, which will allow scientists to harness their unique properties for use in devices such as sensors and flexible electronics.
Published Human brain organoids implanted into mouse cortex respond to visual stimuli for first time
(via sciencedaily.com) A team of engineers and neuroscientists has demonstrated for the first time that human brain organoids implanted in mice have established functional connectivity to the animals' cortex and responded to external sensory stimuli. The implanted organoids reacted to visual stimuli in the same way as surrounding tissues, an observation that researchers were able to make in real time over several months thanks to an innovative experimental setup that combines transparent graphene microelectrode arrays and two-photon imaging.