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Categories: Biology: Marine, Geoscience: Landslides

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Biology: Marine Ecology: Animals Ecology: Extinction Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Earth Science
Published

Vegetarian diet of corals explains age-old mystery dating back to Darwin      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A new study has revealed why coral reefs can thrive in seemingly nutrient poor water, a phenomenon that has fascinated scientists since Charles Darwin.

Biology: Marine Biology: Zoology Ecology: Sea Life Offbeat: Plants and Animals
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This fish doesn't just see with its eyes -- it also sees with its skin      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Without a mirror, it can be hard to tell if you're blushing, or have spinach in your teeth. But one color-changing fish has evolved a clever way to keep watch on the parts of itself that lie outside its field of view -- by sensing light with its skin.

Biology: Evolutionary Biology: Marine Ecology: Invasive Species Ecology: Sea Life Paleontology: Fossils Paleontology: General
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The modern sea spider had started to diversify by the Jurassic, study finds      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

An extremely rare collection of 160-million-year-old sea spider fossils from Southern France are closely related to living species, unlike older fossils of their kind.

Archaeology: General Biology: Marine
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Sea sequin 'bling' links Indonesian islands' ancient communities      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Microscopic analysis has revealed that trends in body ornamentation were shared across Indonesian islands.

Biology: Evolutionary Biology: Marine Paleontology: Fossils Paleontology: General
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Evolving elegance: Scientists connect beauty and safeguarding in ammonoid shells      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

With 350 million years of evolution culminating in almost two centuries of scientific discourse, a new hypothesis emerges. Researchers propose a new explanation for why ammonoids evolved a highly elaborate, fractal-like geometry within their shells. Their analysis shows that the increasing complexity of shell structures provided a distinct advantage by offering improved protection against predators.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Sea Life Geoscience: Environmental Issues Geoscience: Oceanography
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Microplastics found embedded in tissues of whales and dolphins      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Microscopic plastic particles have been found in the fats and lungs of two-thirds of the marine mammals in a graduate student's study of ocean microplastics. The presence of polymer particles and fibers in these animals suggests that microplastics can travel out of the digestive tract and lodge in the tissues.

Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Landslides
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Climate protection: Land use changes cause the carbon sink to decline      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Terrestrial carbon sinks can mitigate the greenhouse effect. Researchers pooled various data sources and found that European carbon storage takes place mainly in surface biomass in East Europe. However, changes of land use in particular have caused this carbon sink to decline.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Sea Life
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Gray whales feeding along the Pacific Northwest coast are smaller than their counterparts who travel farther to forage      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Gray whales that spend their summers feeding off the coast of Oregon are shorter than their counterparts who travel north to the Arctic for food, new research shows.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Biodiversity Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Oceanography
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Top fish predators could suffer wide loss of suitable habitat by 2100 due to climate change      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A study of 12 species of highly migratory fish predators -- including sharks, tuna, and billfish such as marlin and swordfish -- finds that most of them will encounter widespread losses of suitable habitat and redistribution from current habitats in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (NWA) and the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) by 2100. These areas are among the fastest warming ocean regions and are projected to increase between 1-6°C (+1-10°F) by the end of the century, a sign of climate-driven changes in marine ecosystems.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Sea Life
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Protected sex: Grouper mating calls in marine managed areas      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Groupers produce distinct sounds associated with courtship, territoriality or reproduction. An autonomous mobile wave glider and passive acoustics were deployed to survey two marine protected areas on the western shelf of Puerto Rico to locate spawning aggregations of two commercially important species -- the Nassau and red hind groupers. Findings show these sites are critical habitat for both species and multiple previously unknown grouper species, which highlight the importance of expanding existing seasonal regulations.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Extinction Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Environmental Issues Geoscience: Oceanography
Published

Land-sea relationship is major driver of coral reef health outcomes      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

New research indicates that mitigating both local land and sea-based human impacts, especially in terms of pollutants and over-fishing, provides coral reef ecosystems with the best opportunity to persist under climate change. Along some highly populated areas on the shorelines of Hawai'i, wastewater pollution and urban runoff combine with fishing pressures to put immense stress on coral reefs.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Biodiversity Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Marine protected areas overwhelmingly manage with climate change in mind      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientific findings don't always translate neatly into actions, especially in conservation and resource management. The disconnect can leave academics and practitioners disheartened and a bit frustrated.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Extinction Ecology: General Ecology: Research Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Ecosystems
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Pause in recent coral recovery on much of Great Barrier Reef      (via sciencedaily.com) 

In-water monitoring shows hard coral cover across the Great Barrier Reef remains at similar levels to that recorded in 2022, with small decreases in the Northern, Central and Southern regions. AIMS' Annual Summary Report on Coral Reef Condition for 2022/23 found that while some reefs continued to recover, their increased hard coral cover was offset by coral loss on other reefs. Most reefs underwent little change in coral cover.

Geoscience: Environmental Issues Geoscience: Landslides
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Nitrogen runoff strategies complicated by climate change      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

As climate change progresses, rising temperatures may impact nitrogen runoff from land to lakes and streams more than projected increases in total and extreme precipitation for most of the continental United States, according to new research from a team of climate scientists.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Extinction Ecology: Sea Life Offbeat: Paleontology and Archeology Offbeat: Plants and Animals Paleontology: General
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Whale-like filter-feeding discovered in prehistoric marine reptile      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A remarkable new fossil from China reveals for the first time that a group of reptiles were already using whale-like filter feeding 250 million years ago.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Extinction
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The trilobites' guide to surviving environmental change      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists have worked out how one unusual species of trilobite -- an ancient, sea-dwelling relative of spiders and lobsters -- was able to defend itself against predators and survive a bumpy ride as Earth's oxygen levels fluctuated.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Sea Life Geoscience: Oceanography
Published

Nitrogen fixation hotspots in Atlantic seaweed      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A new study examined nitrogen fixation among diazotrophs--microorganisms that can convert nitrogen into usable form for other plants and animals -- living among sargassum. Sargassum, a brown macroalgae in the seaweed family, floats on the surface of the open ocean and provides habitat for a colorful array of marine life such as small fish, brine shrimp and other microorganisms. Previous studies have overlooked diazotrophs associated with sargassum, which could mean a historical underestimation of nitrogen fixation in the Atlantic nitrogen budget. The study found that nitrogen fixation in sargassum communities was significant.

Biology: Marine Ecology: Sea Life Geoscience: Oceanography
Published

Sea urchins are struggling to 'get a grip' as climate change alters ecosystems      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

As global climate change causes weather extremes ranging from heat waves and droughts to heavy rains and flooding, the large amounts of freshwater pouring into nearshore ecosystems are altering habitats. A team of biologists studied the impacts of low salinity and how it alters sea urchins' ability to grip and move within their habitat.