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Categories: Environmental: Ecosystems, Mathematics: Statistics
Published Being near pollinator habitat linked to larger soybean size
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have found that soybean crops planted near pollinator habitat produce larger soybeans than soybean crops that are not planted near pollinator habitat.
Published Risk of soil degradation and desertification in Europe’s Mediterranean may be more serious than realized
(via sciencedaily.com) Due to human-caused pressures and global warming, some soils in Europe's Mediterranean region are reaching what the researchers refer to as 'critical limits for their ability to provide ecosystem services,' which include farming and absorbing carbon, among others. Perhaps even more troubling, the problem could be even more extensive than we realize, says an author of a new study.
Published Researchers use supercomputers for largest-ever turbulence simulations of its kind
(via sciencedaily.com) Despite being among the most researched topics on supercomputers, a fundamental understanding of the effects of turbulent motion on fluid flows still eludes scientists. A new approach aims to change that.
Published What lies beneath: Roots as drivers of South African landscape pattern
(via sciencedaily.com) Research findings suggest that alternative stable states can be maintained through biotic mechanisms, such as root traits, in addition to the commonly understood abiotic factors like climate. This insight is critical to conserving threatened ecosystems around the world.
Published New computer vision system designed to analyse cells in microscopy videos
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have developed a system based on computer vision techniques that allows automatic analysis of biomedical videos captured by microscopy in order to characterize and describe the behavior of the cells that appear in the images.
Published Where mathematics and a social perspective meet data
(via sciencedaily.com) Community structure, including relationships between and within groups, is foundational to our understanding of the world around us.
Published Capturing hidden data for asymptomatic COVID-19 cases provides a better pandemic picture
(via sciencedaily.com) Asymptomatic COVID-19 cases are the bane of computer modelers' existences -- they throw off the modeling data to an unknown degree. A new approach explores using historic epidemic data from eight different countries to estimate the transmission rate and fraction of under-reported cases.
Published New computational tool predicts cell fates and genetic perturbations
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have built a machine learning framework that can define the mathematical equations describing a cell's trajectory from one state to another, such as its development from a stem cell into one of several different types of mature cell. The framework, called dynamo, can also be used to figure out the underlying mechanisms -- the specific cocktail of gene activity -- driving changes in the cell.
Published Enhanced statistical models will aid conservation of killer whales and other species
(via sciencedaily.com) Retrieving an accurate picture of what a tagged animal does as it journeys through its environment requires statistical analysis, especially when it comes to animal movement, and the methods statisticians use are always evolving to make full use of the large and complex data sets that are available. A recent study by researchers at the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries (IOF) and the UBC department of statistics has taken us a step closer to understanding the behaviours of northern resident killer whales by improving statistical tools useful for identifying animal behaviours that can't be observed directly.
Published Ancient Mesopotamian discovery transforms knowledge of early farming
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have unearthed the earliest definitive evidence of broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) in ancient Iraq, challenging our understanding of humanity's earliest agricultural practices.
Published Watering holes bring together wildlife, and their parasites
(via sciencedaily.com) The sun rises on the savannas of central Kenya. Grasses sway in the wind as hoof-steps fall on the dusty ground. A menagerie of Africa's iconic wildlife congregates around a watering hole to quench their thirst during the region's dry season.
Published Hidden order in windswept sand
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have analyzed an extensive collection of sand samples from so-called megaripple fields around the world and gained new insights into the composition of these sand waves. These could help settle debates about the mechanistic origin of some recently discovered enigmatic extraterrestrial sand structures and improve our ability to infer information about past weather and climate events from sediment records.
Published Iodine in desert dust destroys ozone
(via sciencedaily.com) When winds loft fine desert dust high into the atmosphere, iodine in that dust can trigger chemical reactions that destroy some air pollution, but also let greenhouse gases stick around longer. The finding may force researchers to re-evaluate how particles from land can impact the chemistry of the atmosphere.
Published Desert shrubs cranked up water use efficiency to survive a megadrought
(via sciencedaily.com) Shrubs in the desert Southwest have increased their water use efficiency at some of the highest rates ever observed to cope with a decades-long megadrought. Researchers found that although the shrubs' efficiency increases are unprecedented and heroic, they may not be enough to adapt to the long-term drying trend in the West.
Published How statistics can aid in the fight against misinformation
(via sciencedaily.com) Mathematicians created a statistical model that can be used to detect misinformation in social posts.
Published Grouping of immune cell receptors could help decode patients' personal history of infection
(via sciencedaily.com) Novel software for grouping immunological T-cell receptors may enable the identification of shared patterns that could be used to determine if a person has previously been infected or vaccinated against a given pathogen.
Published Collapse of ancient Liangzhu culture caused by climate change
(via sciencedaily.com) Referred to as 'China's Venice of the Stone Age', the Liangzhu excavation site in eastern China is considered one of the most significant testimonies of early Chinese advanced civilization. More than 5000 years ago, the city already had an elaborate water management system. Until now, it has been controversial what led to the sudden collapse. Massive flooding triggered by anomalously intense monsoon rains caused the collapse, as geologists and climate researchers have now shown.
Published Stalagmites as key witnesses of the monsoon
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have now reconstructed how the Indian summer monsoon responded to meltwater pulses into the North Atlantic at the end of the penultimate cold period.
Published Woodland and hedgerow creation can play crucial role in action to reverse declines in pollinators
(via sciencedaily.com) The largest survey of pollinator abundance in Wales has found that woodland and hedgerow creation can play a crucial role in action to reverse declines in insects that are essential for crop yield and other wildlife.
Published Climate changed abruptly at tipping points in past
(via sciencedaily.com) Climate scientists identify abrupt transitions in climate records that may have been caused by the climate system crossing a tipping point. They devised a statistical method to determine whether these transitions are simply noise or evidence of a more significant change. Their method is less error-prone than previous methods, since it doesn't rely on human determination. It also allows comparing different records consistently and can identify important events that may have been overlooked in older studies.