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Categories: Environmental: Ecosystems, Environmental: Wildfires
Published The impact of megafires on estuaries from Australia's 'Black Summer'
(via sciencedaily.com) Estuaries are one of the most valuable biomes on Earth, and megafires -- like Australia's 2019/20 Black Summer fires -- represent an emerging threat to estuarine and coastal ecosystems, with the extent and proximity of the wildfire influencing the impact on estuaries.
Published Corals pass mutations acquired during their lifetimes to offspring
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have documented that corals can pass mutations acquired during their lifetimes to their offspring, providing increased genetic diversity for potential evolutionary adaptation.
Published Ecologists use the latest dental scanning technology to study young coral
(via sciencedaily.com) Inspired by a trip to the dentist, a researcher presents a new method for monitoring coral size and growth that reduces surveying time by 99%.
Published Microbiologists study giant viruses in climate-endangered Arctic Epishelf Lake
(via sciencedaily.com) Investigators have produced an assessment of the abundance of the viruses in the Milne Fiord Epishelf Lake near the North Pole.
Published Arctic lakes are vanishing in surprise climate finding
(via sciencedaily.com) A study shows a widespread patterns of loss, upending scientists' previous projections.
Published Getting to the bottom of the Arctic sea ice decline
(via sciencedaily.com) Sea ice levels in the Arctic Ocean are rapidly declining, due to global warming. Now, to understand and forecast the growth and decay of the ice, researchers have conducted a survey in the Arctic Ocean to investigate the influence of ocean heat on sea ice in the ice-ocean boundary layer. Their findings provide insights into the mechanisms of Arctic sea ice decline for making accurate predictions in the future regarding the global climate.
Published Which animals can best withstand climate change?
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study investigates how different mammals react to climate change. Animals that live for a long time and/or produce less offspring -- like bears and bison -- are more resilient than small animals with a short life -- like mice and lemmings.
Published Wildfire experts provide guidance for new research directions
(via sciencedaily.com) A new paper by dozens of wildfire experts across the nation highlights the need for a more strategic and interdisciplinary approach to pursuing wildfire research and protecting vulnerable communities.
Published As oceans warm, snapping shrimp sound a warning
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists have confirmed their previous observations that rising temperatures increase the sound of snapping shrimp, a tiny crustacean found in temperate and tropical coastal marine environments around the world.
Published Snow research fills gap in understanding Arctic climate
(via sciencedaily.com) Comprehensive data from several seasons of field research in the Alaskan Arctic will address uncertainties in Earth-system and climate-change models about snow cover across the region and its impacts on water and the environment.
Published Fish 'chock-full' of antifreeze protein found in iceberg habitats off Greenland
(via sciencedaily.com) New research based on an expedition to the icy waters off Greenland reveals soaring levels of antifreeze proteins in a species of tiny snailfish, underlying the importance of this unique adaptation to life in sub-zero temperatures. The study also warns that warming oceanic temperatures in the Arctic could pose a threat to these highly specialized fishes.
Published Thawing Arctic hillsides are major climate change contributors
(via sciencedaily.com) Thawing Arctic hillsides release a significant amount of organic carbon that has been locked in frozen ground for thousands of years but which now can contribute to an already warming climate, according to new research. The finding comes from the study of hillsides in a far north region of Russia, where the researchers also found a significant and rapid increase of collapsed hillsides. The collapses feature landslides that gradually expose more of the permafrost for thawing -- and more carbon for release.
Published Dry lightning sparks some of the most destructive and costly wildfires in California
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have developed the first long-term climatology of dry lightning -- lightning which occurs with less than 2.5mm of rainfall -- in central and northern California.
Published Air pollution, including during wildfires, shows ill effects in children
(via sciencedaily.com) New research linking air pollution data from federal monitors in the Sacramento area of California, including during significant fires, is showing ill effects of pollution exposure among children, a new study suggests.
Published Oft-overlooked grasslands build biodiversity, resilience over centuries
(via sciencedaily.com) The restoration of grassland ecosystems may need more of a guided, hands-on approach over time, according to a new review of global conservation efforts.
Published Tracking nitrogen pollution
(via sciencedaily.com) Tropical coastal ecosystems are among the most biodiverse areas on Earth. And they're also on the front lines of effects caused by human activity. That's why it's becoming increasingly important, especially as human populations increase, to manage the impacts of runoff and wastewater that flow into the sea.
Published Highest coral cover in central, northern Reef in 36 years
(via sciencedaily.com) The northern and central Great Barrier Reef have recorded their highest amount of coral cover since the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) began monitoring 36 years ago. However, average coral cover in the southern region decreased due to ongoing crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks. While the Reef experienced its fourth major bleaching event in the past seven years this year, it didn't reach the intensity of earlier events and was not expected to lead to mass coral mortality.
Published Where coral reefs may be buffered against warming oceans
(via sciencedaily.com) As warming ocean temperatures threaten the existence of coral reefs, scientists have successfully used an extremely high-resolution computer simulation of ocean circulation to identify possible 'thermal refugia' where these biodiverse ecosystems are more likely to survive.
Published Computer modelling aims to inform restoration, conservation of coral reefs
(via sciencedaily.com) A research team has created a computer modelling program to help scientists predict the effect of climate damage and eventual restoration plans on coral reefs around the globe. This is a critical objective because climate change is killing many coral species and can lead to the collapse of entire coral reef ecosystems, according to researchers.
Published Wildfires disproportionately affect the poor
(via sciencedaily.com) With fires raging from California to Alaska, the 2022 wildfire season is off to a violent start. It's an ominous sign of what promises to be another record-breaking fire season in the U.S. Roughly 2 million acres burned last month. And major fires are currently scorching Idaho, Utah and California, threatening tens of thousands of Americans' homes and livelihoods. Many of those at risk are lower-income Americans who face canceled homeowners insurance policies and rising premiums, according to new research.