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Categories: Geoscience: Volcanoes, Space: The Solar System

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Space: Exploration Space: The Solar System
Published

Arctic simulation of Moon-like habitat shows wellbeing sessions can improve mental health in extreme isolation      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers are investigating the psychological impact of social isolation in harsh environments, such as on the Moon.

Physics: Acoustics and Ultrasound Space: The Solar System
Published

'Ears' for rover Perseverance's exploration of Mars      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists have built instruments to give humans eyes and a nose on Mars -- and now they are helping add ears as well.

Space: The Solar System
Published

Scientists connect the dots between Galilean moon, auroral emissions on Jupiter      (via sciencedaily.com) 

On November 8, 2020, NASA's Juno spacecraft flew through an intense beam of electrons traveling from Ganymede, Jupiter's largest moon, to its auroral footprint on the gas giant. Scientists used data from Juno's payload to study the particle population traveling along the magnetic field line connecting Ganymede to Jupiter while, at the same time, remotely sensing the associated auroral emissions to unveil the mysterious processes creating the shimmering lights.

Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

'Prenatal' protoplanet upends planet formation models      (via sciencedaily.com) 

An international research team has discovered a new planet so young that it has yet to emerge from the womb of matter where it is forming. This is the youngest protoplanet discovered to date. It's location and the surrounding patterns of matter suggest that an alternative method of planet formation may be at work. This discovery could help to explain the histories and features of extrasolar planets seen around other stars.

Space: The Solar System
Published

Perseverance records the first ever sounds from Mars      (via sciencedaily.com) 

NASA's Perseverance rover, which has been surveying the surface of Mars since February 2021, has for the first time recorded the acoustic environment of the Red Planet.

Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Volcano monitoring at Mount Etna using fiber optic cables      (via sciencedaily.com) 

In order to understand and predict volcanic events even better, a better understanding of the diverse underground processes involved is required. A new way to detect such processes, even if they are very subtle, is to use fiber optic cables as sensors. The analysis of light that is backscattered in them when the cables are deformed by vibrations, for example, has now made it possible for the first time to determine the volcanic signature of the Sicilian volcano Etna very precisely.

Space: The Solar System
Published

Mercury has magnetic storms      (via sciencedaily.com) 

An international team of scientists has proved that Mercury, our solar system's smallest planet, has geomagnetic storms similar to those on Earth. Their finding, a first, answers the question of whether other planets, including those outside our solar system, can have geomagnetic storms regardless of the size of their magnetosphere or whether they have an Earth-like ionosphere.

Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Drought alters Mammoth Mountain’s carbon dioxide emissions      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A study suggests the weight of snow and ice atop the Sierra Nevada affects a California volcano's carbon dioxide emissions, one of the main signs of volcanic unrest.

Space: The Solar System
Published

Mounds of ice in craters give new insight into Mars’ past climate      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Newly discovered deposits of layered ice in craters scattered around Mars' southern hemisphere provide insights into how the planet's orientation controlled the planet's climate over the past 4 million years, according to a new study. The findings help scientists understand what controlled Mars' past climate, which is essential for predicting when the planet could have been habitable.

Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Describing the devastating eruption in Tonga      (via sciencedaily.com) 

On January 15, the volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai devastated the nation of Tonga. The eruption triggered tsunamis as far afield as the Caribbean and generated atmospheric waves that travelled around the globe several times. Meanwhile, the volcano's plume shot gas and ash through the stratosphere into the lower mesosphere.

Space: The Solar System
Published

On Jupiter's moon Europa, 'chaos terrains' could be shuttling oxygen to ocean      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have built the world's first physics-based computer simulation of oxygen transport on Europa, finding that it's possible for oxygen to drain through the moon's icy shell and into its ocean of liquid water -- where it could potentially help sustain alien life -- by hitching a ride on salt water under the moon's 'chaos terrains.' The results show that not only is the transport possible, but that the amount of oxygen brought into Europa's ocean could be on a par with the quantity of oxygen in Earth's oceans today.

Space: The Solar System
Published

Scientists solve solar secret      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The further we move away from a heat source, the cooler the air gets. Bizarrely, the same can't be said for the surface of the Sun, but scientists may have just explained a key part of why.

Space: The Solar System
Published

Nearby star could help explain why our Sun didn’t have sunspots for 70 years      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Astronomers identified a nearby star whose sunspot cycles appear to have stopped. Studying this star might help explain the unusual period from the mid 1600s to the early 1700s when our Sun paused its sunspot cycles.

Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

The oxidation of volcanoes -- a magma opus      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new study unlocks the science behind a key ingredient -- namely oxygen -- in some of the world's most violent volcanoes. The research offers a new model for understanding the oxidation state of arc magmas, the lavas that form some volcanoes, such as the one that erupted dramatically in Tonga earlier this year. The plume from Tonga's underwater volcanic eruption on Jan. 15 rose 36 miles into the air. Ash from the volcano reached the mesosphere, Earth's third layer of atmosphere.

Space: Structures and Features Space: The Solar System
Published

Look! Up in the sky! Is it a planet? Nope, just a star      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Among thousands of known exoplanets, astronomers have flagged three that are actually stars.

Space: Exploration Space: The Solar System
Published

Magnetic reconnection breakthrough may help predict space weather      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have recently discovered a breakthrough in magnetic reconnection that could ultimately help predict space weather.

Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Water determines magma depth, a key to accurate models of volcanic activity, eruption      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Around the world, between 40 and 50 volcanoes are currently erupting or in states of unrest, and hundreds of millions of people are at risk of hazards posed by these potentially active volcanos. Yet, despite the profound hazards posed to human life and property by volcanic eruptions, humanity still cannot reliably and accurately predict them, and even when forecasts are accurately made by experts, they may not afford ample time for people to evacuate and make emergency preparations.

Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Nealtican lava flow field, Popocatépetl volcano: A window to the past and future hazards      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The Popocatépetl volcano, located southeast of Mexico City, stands as the second highest peak in Mexico and is considered to be one of the potentially most dangerous volcanoes in the world, given its record of highly explosive eruptions over the last 23,000 years.

Space: The Solar System
Published

A solar illusion: Coronal loops may not be what they seem      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Many coronal loops -- ropey strands of plasma that scientists have long thought existed in the sun's atmosphere -- may actually be optical illusions, according to a new paper that challenges prevailing assumptions of what we know, and don't know, about the sun.

Energy: Nuclear Space: The Solar System
Published

Deep neural network to find hidden turbulent motion on the sun      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists developed a neural network deep learning technique to extract hidden turbulent motion information from observations of the Sun. Tests on three different sets of simulation data showed that it is possible to infer the horizontal motion from data for the temperature and vertical motion. This technique will benefit solar astronomy and other fields such as plasma physics, fusion science, and fluid dynamics.