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Categories: Environmental: Ecosystems, Geoscience: Earthquakes
Published Biologists identify broad coral disease resistance traits
(via sciencedaily.com) A new study provides a novel framework for identifying broad coral disease resistance traits and examines the fundamental processes behind species survival.
Published Not enough: Protecting algae-eating fish insufficient to save imperiled coral reefs
(via sciencedaily.com) How can we boost the resilience of the world's coral reefs, which are imperiled by multiple stresses including mass bleaching events linked to climate warming?
Published Rainy days on track to double in the Arctic by 2100
(via sciencedaily.com) Today, more snow than rain falls in the Arctic, but this is expected to reverse by the end of the century. A new study shows the frequency of rainy days in the Arctic could roughly double by 2100.
Published Don't crack: Deteriorating safety on frozen lakes in a warming world
(via sciencedaily.com) An international team of climate and lake scientists has demonstrated that crossing frozen lakes with heavy trucks may soon be a thing of the past.
Published Changes in marine ecosystems going undetected
(via sciencedaily.com) Existing ways of calculating biodiversity dynamics are not very effective in detecting wholesale species community change due to the effects of ocean acidification.
Published Scientists find link between fast-melting Arctic ice and ocean acidification
(via sciencedaily.com) An international team of researchers has found acidity levels increasing three to four times faster than ocean waters elsewhere and a strong correlation between the accelerated rate of melting ice in the region and the rate of ocean acidification. This threatens the Earth's climate and the survival of plants, shellfish, coral reefs and other marine life.
Published Study links cold water shock to catastrophic coral collapse in the Eastern Pacific
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists have discovered that an extreme weather event that resulted in rapid sea temperature drops of up to 10 degrees was the primary cause of a catastrophic coral die-off event off the coast of Costa Rica.
Published Population boom near globe's vulnerable coral reefs
(via sciencedaily.com) Millions more people across the globe are relying on our endangered coral reefs than 20 years ago, according to new figures into population growth in coastal areas.
Published Edge waves, continental shelf fueled the 2021 Acapulco Bay tsunami
(via sciencedaily.com) Trapped inside the shoreline of a bay, the resonant interactions of a tsunami with regular waves can prolong the tsunami disturbance. For the 2021 magnitude 7 Acapulco, Mexico earthquake and tsunami, edge waves in the bay and the short continental shelf also had a surprisingly significant effect on the tsunami's duration, according to a new study.
Published Cattle grazing with virtual fencing shows potential to create wildfire fuel breaks, study finds
(via sciencedaily.com) The use of virtual fencing to manage cattle grazing on sagebrush rangelands has the potential to create fuel breaks needed to help fight wildfires, a recent study found.
Published Deepest scientific ocean drilling sheds light on Japan's next great earthquake
(via sciencedaily.com) Scientists who drilled deeper into an undersea earthquake fault than ever before have found that the tectonic stress in Japan's Nankai subduction zone is less than expected. The findings are a puzzle but will help scientists home in on the link between tectonic forces and the earthquake cycle and potentially lead to better earthquake forecasts, both at Nankai and other megathrust faults such as Cascadia in the Pacific Northwest. The drilling reached over two miles into the Nankai subduction zone and was conducted in 2018 with the IODP scientific drilling vessel Chikyu.
Published Warming oceans are changing Australian reef fish populations
(via sciencedaily.com) Shallow reefs and the creatures that inhabit them are changing due to rising ocean temperatures, but these impacts have been obscured by a lack of comprehensive local data. A team of researchers has been tracking changes in the country's reefs for over a decade, and they now describe how they used fine-scale data to illustrate how warming waters impact tropical and temperate reef fish communities differently.
Published Anthropogenic air pollution more significant than desert dust
(via sciencedaily.com) At the beginning of the year, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the Middle East ranks among the regions with the worst air quality. There is a common misconception that desert dust is the most significant cause of air pollution from particulate matter in this region, but a new study has shown that more than 90 percent of the particulate matter that is detrimental to health originates from anthropogenic sources. This human-made fine particulate matter differs from the less harmful desert dust particles. Scientists determined this through ship borne measurements and verified it in elaborate modeling calculations. The anthropogenic particles are primarily caused by the production and use of fossil fuels such as oil and gas. They are generally smaller than desert dust and can penetrate deep into the lungs.
Published Scientists believe evolution could save coral reefs, if we let it
(via sciencedaily.com) Coral reefs can adapt to climate change if given the chance to evolve, according to a study.
Published Hibernating bears' ability to regulate insulin narrowed down to eight proteins
(via sciencedaily.com) Feeding honey to hibernating bears helped researchers find the potential genetic keys to the bears' insulin control, an advance that could ultimately lead to a treatment for human diabetes. Every year, bears gain an enormous amount of weight, then barely move for months, behavior that would spell diabetes in humans, but not for bears whose bodies can turn insulin resistance on and off almost like a switch. In the hunt for the bears' secret, scientists observed thousands of changes in gene expression during hibernation, but now a research team has narrowed that down to eight proteins.
Published Researchers discover expanding and intensifying low-oxygen zone in the Arabian gulf
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have studied the emergence of hypoxia -- low oxygen levels -- in the Gulf over three decades, a stressor on the health of marine life in the region and the larger ecosystem.
Published Earth's newest secret: How volcanoes really work
(via sciencedaily.com) It isn't every day that we learn something that fundamentally changes how we understand our world. But for volcanologists across the globe, such a revelation has occurred.
Published Refreezing poles feasible and cheap, new study finds
(via sciencedaily.com) Refreezing the poles by reducing incoming sunlight would be both feasible and remarkably cheap, according to new research.
Published Identifying research priorities for security and safety threats in the Arctic and the North-Atlantic
(via sciencedaily.com) A new method has been developed for identifying and prioritizing research activities related to maritime safety and security issues for the Arctic and the North-Atlantic (ANA) region.
Published Is climate change disrupting maritime boundaries?
(via sciencedaily.com) Coral reef islands and their reefs -- found across in the Indo-Pacific -- naturally grow and shrink due to complex biological and physical processes that have yet to be fully understood. Now, climate change is disrupting them further, leading to new uncertainties for legal maritime zones and small island states. Rising sea levels, coupled with the natural variability of atoll islands and coral reefs, is creating new uncertainty in international law, with geopolitical implications.