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Categories: Environmental: Wildfires, Geoscience: Geology

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Biology: Microbiology Ecology: General Ecology: Research Geoscience: Geology Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Immense diversity and interdependence in high temp deep-sea microorganism communities      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new study finds that microorganisms live in richly diverse and interdependent communities in high-temperature geothermal environments in the deep sea. By constructing genomes of 3,635 Bacteria and Archaea from 40 different rock communities, researchers discovered at least 500 new genera and have evidence for two new phyla. Samples from the deep-sea Brothers volcano were especially enriched with different kinds of microorganisms, many endemic to the volcano. The genomic data from this study also showed that many of these organisms depend on one another for survival. Some microorganisms cannot metabolize all of the nutrients they need to survive so they rely on nutrients created by other species in a process known as a 'metabolic handoff.'

Geoscience: Geology Space: The Solar System
Published

Asteroid findings from specks of space dust could save the planet      (via sciencedaily.com) 

New research into the durability and age of an ancient asteroid made of rocky rubble and dust, revealed significant findings that could contribute to potentially saving the planet if one ever hurtled toward Earth.

Ecology: General Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: Wildfires
Published

Unprecedented levels of high-severity fire burn in Sierra Nevada      (via sciencedaily.com) 

High-severity wildfire in California's Sierra Nevada forests has nearly quintupled compared to before Euro-American settlement, rising from less than 10% per year then to up to 43% today, a new study finds.

Ecology: General Ecology: Research Geoscience: Geology Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Rare opportunity to study short-lived volcanic island reveals sulfur-metabolizing microbes      (via sciencedaily.com) 

On the short-lived island of Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai, researchers discovered a unique microbial community that metabolizes sulfur and atmospheric gases, similar to organisms found in deep sea vents or hot springs.

Environmental: Wildfires
Published

In the wake of a wildfire, embers of change in cognition and brain function linger      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Five years after the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California history, researchers document persistent differences in cognitive function among survivors.

Geoscience: Earthquakes Geoscience: Geology
Published

Researchers uncover secrets on how Alaska's Denali Fault formed      (via sciencedaily.com) 

New findings begin to fill major gaps in understanding about how geological faults behave and appear as they deepen, and they could eventually help lead future researchers to develop better earthquake models on strike-slip faults, regions with frequent and major earthquakes.

Environmental: Wildfires
Published

What's driving re-burns across California and the West?      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Seasonal temperature, moisture loss from plants and wind speed are what primarily drive fires that sweep across the same landscape multiple times, a new study reveals. These findings and others could help land managers plan more effective treatments in areas susceptible to fire, particularly in the fire-ravaged wildland-urban interfaces of California.

Environmental: Wildfires Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

20,000 premature US deaths caused by human-ignited fires each year      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new study shows that smoke particles from human-lit fires are responsible for over 80% of smoke-related deaths each year. The study shows that smoke pollution is on the rise, reducing air quality, and leading to increased illness and premature deaths.

Geoscience: Environmental Issues Geoscience: Geology Paleontology: Climate
Published

Study offers most detailed glimpse yet of planet's last 11,000 summers and winters      (via sciencedaily.com) 

An international team of collaborators have revealed the most detailed look yet at the planet's recent climactic history, including summer and winter temperatures dating back 11,000 years to the beginning of what is known as the Holocene.

Geoscience: Geology
Published

Map of ancient ocean 'dead zones' could predict future locations, impacts      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers have created a map of oceanic 'dead zones' that existed during the Pliocene epoch, when the Earth's climate was two to three degrees warmer than it is now. The work could provide a glimpse into the locations and potential impacts of future low oxygen zones in a warmer Earth's oceans.

Anthropology: General Archaeology: General Geoscience: Geology Paleontology: Climate Paleontology: General
Published

Bering Land Bridge formed surprisingly late during last ice age      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new study that reconstructs the history of sea level at the Bering Strait shows that the Bering Land Bridge connecting Asia to North America did not emerge until around 35,700 years ago, less than 10,000 years before the height of the last ice age (known as the Last Glacial Maximum). The findings indicate that the growth of the ice sheets -- and the resulting drop in sea level -- occurred surprisingly quickly and much later in the glacial cycle than previous studies had suggested.

Geoscience: Earthquakes Geoscience: Geology
Published

Hawai'i earthquake swarm caused by magma moving through 'sills'      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A machine-learning algorithm reveals the shape of massive subterranean structures linking active volcanoes.

Ecology: General Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: Wildfires
Published

Bird diversity increased in severely burned forests of Southern Appalachian mountains      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new study found bird diversity increased in North Carolina mountain forest areas severely burned by wildfire in 2016, reinforcing that while wildfire can pose risks to safety and property, it can be beneficial to wildlife. The study results could help forest managers better predict bird responses to wildfire, and manage forests to benefit birds.

Energy: Alternative Fuels Geoscience: Geology Geoscience: Geomagnetic Storms Geoscience: Severe Weather
Published

New study models the transmission of foreshock waves towards Earth      (via sciencedaily.com) 

As the supersonic solar wind surges towards Earth, its interaction with our planet's magnetic field creates a shock to deflect its flow, and a foreshock filled with electromagnetic waves. How these waves can propagate to the other side of the shock has long remained a mystery.

Environmental: Wildfires
Published

Wildfire threats not commonly disclosed by US firms despite risk to economy      (via sciencedaily.com) 

U.S. firms rarely report their wildfire risks in required federal filings and instead bury such risks in nonspecific risk disclosures, according to new research.

Geoscience: Geology Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Predicting lava flow      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A team is collecting data that will be used to create models that can help improve lava flow forecasting tools that are useful in determining how hazards impact populations. One such tool, known as MOLASSES, is a simulation engine that forecasts inundation areas of lava flow.

Geoscience: Geology Paleontology: Climate Paleontology: General
Published

Changes in Earth's orbit may have triggered ancient warming event      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Changes in Earth's orbit that favored hotter conditions may have helped trigger a rapid global warming event 56 million years ago. Researchers found the shape of Earth's orbit, or eccentricity, and the wobble in its rotation, or precession, favored hotter conditions at the onset of the PETM and that these orbital configurations together may have played a role in triggering the event.

Geoscience: Geology
Published

Fish larvae find their way using external cues      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The first global analysis of larval orientation studies found that millimeter-size fish babies consistently use external cues to find their way in the open ocean.  There are many external cues available to marine fish including the Sun, Earth's magnetic field, and sounds. The new study offers important insight into understanding this perilous phase of marine fish.

Geoscience: Geology Offbeat: Earth and Climate Offbeat: Paleontology and Archeology Paleontology: Fossils Paleontology: General
Published

Fossil site reveals giant arthropods dominated the seas 470 million years ago      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Discoveries at a major new fossil site in Morocco suggest giant arthropods -- relatives of modern creatures including shrimps, insects and spiders -- dominated the seas 470 million years ago.

Geoscience: Geology Geoscience: Volcanoes
Published

Signals from the ionosphere could improve tsunami forecasts      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The powerful volcanic eruption in January 2022 created ripple effects throughout the world's atmosphere and oceans. Analysis of the Hunga Tonga eruption shows how signals from the ionosphere could help monitor future volcanoes and tsunamis.