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Categories: Engineering: Nanotechnology, Geoscience: Geochemistry
Published Concept for efficiency-enhanced noble-metal catalysts
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The production of more than 90 percent of all chemical products we use in our everyday lives relies on catalysts. Catalysts speed up chemical reactions, can reduce the energy required for these processes, and in some cases, reactions would not be possible at all without catalysts. Researchers developed a concept that increases the stability of noble-metal catalysts and requires less noble metal for their production.
Published New model refutes leading theory on how Earth's continents formed
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Computational modeling shows that plate tectonics weren't necessary for early continents.
Published Novel ultrafast electron microscopy technique advances understanding of processes applicable to brain-like computing
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A team developed a new microscopy technique that uses electrical pulses to track the nanosecond dynamics within a material that is known to form charge density waves. Controlling these waves may lead to faster and more energy-efficient electronics.
Published How the rising earth in Antarctica will impact future sea level rise
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The rising earth beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet will likely become a major factor in future sea level rise, a new study suggests.
Published Link between global warming and rising sea levels
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new study suggests that Earth's natural forces could substantially reduce Antarctica's impact on rising sea levels, but only if carbon emissions are swiftly reduced in the coming decades. By the same token, if emissions continue on the current trajectory, Antarctic ice loss could lead to more future sea level rise than previously thought.
Published New research sheds light on relationships between plants and insects in forest ecosystems
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have published new findings on how leaf-eating insects affect forest ecosystems worldwide. Researchers are aware of how large herbivores cycle nutrients in forests. They know much less, however, about how leaf-eating insects impact forest carbon and nutrient cycling.
Published Born to modulate: Researchers reveal origins of climate-controlling particles
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Aerosol particles imbue climate models with uncertainty. New work reveals where in the world and under what conditions new particles are born.
Published Scientists find a human 'fingerprint' in the upper troposphere's increasing ozone
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists confirmed that much of ozone's increase in the upper troposphere is likely due to humans. A team detected a clear signal of human influence on upper tropospheric ozone trends in a 17-year satellite record starting in 2005.
Published Stacked up against the rest
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists have hypothesized that moir excitons -- electron-hole pairs confined in moir interference fringes which overlap with slightly offset patterns -- may function as qubits in next-generation nano-semiconductors. However, due to diffraction limits, it has not been possible to focus light enough in measurements, causing optical interference from many moir excitons. To solve this, researchers have developed a new method of reducing these moir excitons to measure the quantum coherence time and realize quantum functionality.
Published Sustainable and reversible 3D printing method uses minimal ingredients and steps
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new 3D printing method developed by engineers is so simple that it uses a polymer ink and salt water solution to create solid structures. The work has the potential to make materials manufacturing more sustainable and environmentally friendly.
Published Engineering researchers crack the code to boost solar cell efficiency and durability
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Photovoltaic (PV) technologies, which convert light into electricity, are increasingly applied worldwide to generate renewable energy. Researchers have now developed a molecular treatment that significantly enhances the efficiency and durability of perovskite solar cells. Their breakthrough will potentially accelerate the large-scale production of this clean energy.
Published Breakthrough in plant disease: New enzyme could lead to anti-bacterial pesticides
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists uncover a pivotal enzyme, XccOpgD, and its critical role in synthesizing C G16, a key compound used by Xanthomonas pathogens to enhance their virulence against plants. This breakthrough opens new avenues for developing targeted pesticides that combat plant diseases without harming beneficial organisms. Insights into XccOpgD's enzymatic mechanism and optimal conditions offer promising prospects for sustainable agriculture, bolstering crop resilience and global food security while minimizing environmental impact.
Published Warming stops tiny organisms working together
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Hotter conditions prevent two tiny organisms working together for mutual benefit, new research shows.
Published Pursuing the middle path to scientific discovery
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists have made significant strides in understanding the properties of a ferroelectric material under an electric field. This breakthrough holds potential for advances in computer memory, lasers and sensors for ultraprecise measurements.
Published Downwind states face disproportionate burden of air pollution
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A recent U.S. Supreme Court decision to block a federal rule curbing interstate air pollution further complicates efforts to reduce emissions and adds to an already disproportionate burden on 'downwind' states, according to researchers.
Published What's the weather like in the deep sea?
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new study has revealed how even the deepest seafloors are affected by the daily back-and-forth of the tides, and the change of the seasons, and that currents at the bottom of the ocean are far more complicated than previously thought. These findings are helping us understand the deep-sea pathways of nutrients that support important deep-sea ecosystems, assess where microplastics and other pollutants accumulate in the ocean, and reconstruct past climate change.
Published Genes or environment? A new model for understanding disease risk factors
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have developed a model that more accurately predicts how genetics and air pollution levels causally influence disease development.
Published Researchers identify unique phenomenon in Kagome metal
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new study focuses on how a particular Kagome metal interacts with light to generate what are known as plasmon polaritons -- nanoscale-level linked waves of electrons and electromagnetic fields in a material, typically caused by light or other electromagnetic waves.
Published Organic nanozymes have broad applications from food and agriculture to biomedicine
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Nanozymes are tiny, engineered substances that mimic the catalytic properties of natural enzymes, and they serve a variety of purposes in biomedicine, chemical engineering, and environmental applications. They are typically made from inorganic materials, including metal-based elements, which makes them unsuitable for many purposes due to their toxicity and high production costs. Organic-based nanozymes partially overcome some of these problems and have the potential for a broader range of applications, including food and agriculture, but they are still in the early stages of development. A new paper provides an overview of the current state of organic nanozymes and their future potential.
Published Researchers trap atoms, forcing them to serve as photonic transistors
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have developed a means to realize cold-atom integrated nanophotonic circuits.