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Categories: Mathematics: Modeling, Physics: Acoustics and Ultrasound
Published New method flips the script on topological physics
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The branch of mathematics known as topology has become a cornerstone of modern physics thanks to the remarkable -- and above all reliable -- properties it can impart to a material or system. Unfortunately, identifying topological systems, or even designing new ones, is generally a tedious process that requires exactly matching the physical system to a mathematical model. Researchers have demonstrated a model-free method for identifying topology, enabling the discovery of new topological materials using a purely experimental approach.
Published What coffee with cream can teach us about quantum physics
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new advancement in theoretical physics could, one day, help engineers develop new kinds of computer chips that might store information for longer in very small objects.
Published When lab-trained AI meets the real world, 'mistakes can happen'
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Human pathologists are extensively trained to detect when tissue samples from one patient mistakenly end up on another patient's microscope slides (a problem known as tissue contamination). But such contamination can easily confuse artificial intelligence (AI) models, which are often trained in pristine, simulated environments, reports a new study. Each of the four AI models in the study paid too much attention to the tissue contamination, which resulted in errors when diagnosing or detecting vessel damage, gestational age, lesions and prostate cancer, the study found.
Published Uncovering the secrets behind the silent flight of owls
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Owls produce negligible noise while flying. While many studies have linked the micro-fringes in owl wings to their silent flight, the exact mechanisms have been unclear. Now, a team of researchers has uncovered the effects of these micro-fringes on the sound and aerodynamic performance of owl wings through computational fluid dynamic simulations. Their findings can inspire biomimetic designs for the development of low-noise fluid machinery.
Published New research guides mathematical model-building for gene regulatory networks
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A newly published study provides guidance for building accurate mathematical models for gene regulatory networks.
Published Low-frequency ultrasound can improve oxygen saturation in blood
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists have revealed that low-frequency ultrasound influences blood parameters. The findings suggest that ultrasound's effect on haemoglobin can improve oxygen's transfer from the lungs to bodily tissues. The research was undertaken on 300 blood samples collected from 42 pulmonary patients.
Published Towards the quantum of sound
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A team of scientists has succeeded in cooling traveling sound waves in wave-guides considerably further than has previously been possible using laser light. This achievement represents a significant move towards the ultimate goal of reaching the quantum ground state of sound in wave-guides. Unwanted noise generated by the acoustic waves at room temperature can be eliminated. This experimental approach both provides a deeper understanding of the transition from classical to quantum phenomena of sound and is relevant to quantum communication systems and future quantum technologies.
Published AI harnesses tumor genetics to predict treatment response
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Cancer resists treatment in a multitude of ways, but a new algorithm developed can decode them all simultaneously.
Published Pushing the boundaries of ultrasound imaging: Breaking new ground with ultrafast technology
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have achieved a successful contrast agent-free imaging of complex structure of kidney vessels.
Published New AI makes better permafrost maps
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source New insights from artificial intelligence about permafrost coverage in the Arctic may soon give policy makers and land managers the high-resolution view they need to predict climate-change-driven threats to infrastructure such as oil pipelines, roads and national security facilities.
Published Molecularly designing polymer networks to control sound damping
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The world is filled with a myriad of sounds and vibrations -- the gentle tones of a piano drifting down the hall, the relaxing purr of a cat laying on your chest, the annoying hum of the office lights. Imagine being able to selectively tune out noises of a certain frequency. Researchers have now synthesized polymer networks with two distinct architectures and crosslink points capable of dynamically exchanging polymer strands to understand how the network connectivity and bond exchange mechanisms govern the overall damping behavior of the network. The incorporation of dynamic bonds into the polymer network demonstrates excellent damping of sound and vibrations at well-defined frequencies.
Published Researchers developing AI to make the internet more accessible
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source In an effort to make the internet more accessible for people with disabilities, researchers have begun developing an artificial intelligence agent that could complete complex tasks on any website using simple language commands.
Published New AI tool accurately detects COVID-19 from chest X-rays
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have developed a groundbreaking artificial intelligence (AI) system that can rapidly detect COVID-19 from chest X-rays with more than 98 percent accuracy.
Published A new mathematical language for biological networks
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers are presenting a novel concept for the mathematical modeling of genetic interactions in biological systems. The team has successfully identified master regulators within the context of an entire genetic network. The research results provide a coherent theoretical framework for analyzing biological networks.
Published Using AI, researchers identify a new class of antibiotic candidates
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Using artificial intelligence, researchers discovered a class of compounds that can kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a drug-resistant bacterium that causes more than 10,000 deaths in the U.S. each year.
Published Large language models validate misinformation
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source In a recent study, researchers systematically tested an early version of ChatGPT's understanding of statements in six categories: facts, conspiracies, controversies, misconceptions, stereotypes, and fiction.
Published Clinicians could be fooled by biased AI, despite explanations
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new study finds that clinicians were fooled by biased AI models, even with provided explanations for how the model generated its diagnosis.
Published AI's memory-forming mechanism found to be strikingly similar to that of the brain
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source An interdisciplinary team consisting of researchers has revealed a striking similarity between the memory processing of artificial intelligence (AI) models and the hippocampus of the human brain. This new finding provides a novel perspective on memory consolidation, which is a process that transforms short-term memories into long-term ones, in AI systems.
Published Artificial intelligence can predict events in people's lives
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Artificial intelligence can analyze registry data on people's residence, education, income, health and working conditions and, with high accuracy, predict life events.
Published Computational model captures the elusive transition states of chemical reactions
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers developed a way to quickly calculate the transition state structure of a chemical reaction, using machine-learning models.