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Categories: Geoscience: Earthquakes, Mathematics: Modeling
Published Artificial intelligence can develop treatments to prevent 'superbugs'
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Cleveland Clinic researchers developed an artficial intelligence (AI) model that can determine the best combination and timeline to use when prescribing drugs to treat a bacterial infection, based solely on how quickly the bacteria grow given certain perturbations. PNAS recently published their findings.
Published AI tool creates 'synthetic' images of cells for enhanced microscopy analysis
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have developed a method to use an image generation AI model to create realistic images of single cells, which are then used as 'synthetic data' to train an AI model to better carry out single-cell segmentation.
Published New sensing checks for 3D printed products could overhaul manufacturing sector
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A sensing technology that can assess the quality of components in fields such as aerospace could transform UK industry.
Published Predicting cardiac arrhythmia 30 minutes before it happens
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide with around 59 million people concerned in 2019. This irregular heartbeat is associated with increased risks of heart failure, dementia and stroke. It constitutes a significant burden to healthcare systems, making its early detection and treatment a major goal. Researchers have recently developed a deep-learning model capable of predicting the transition from a normal cardiac rhythm to atrial fibrillation. It gives early warnings on average 30 minutes before onset, with an accuracy of around 80%. These results pave the way for integration into wearable technologies, allowing early interventions and better patient outcomes.
Published AI weather forecasts captured Ciaran's destructive path
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The study highlights the rapid progress and transformative potential of AI in weather prediction.
Published Scientists trigger mini-earthquakes in the lab
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Earthquakes and landslides are famously difficult to predict and prepare for. By studying a miniature version of the ground in the lab, scientists have demonstrated how these events can be triggered by a small external shock wave. Bring a flotation device: it involves the ground briefly turning into a liquid!
Published Teaching a computer to type like a human
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new typing model simulates the typing process instead of just predicting words.
Published When thoughts flow in one direction
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Contrary to previous assumptions, nerve cells in the human neocortex are wired differently than in mice. The study found that human neurons communicate in one direction, while in mice, signals tend to flow in loops. This increases the efficiency and capacity of the human brain to process information. These discoveries could further the development of artificial neural networks.
Published Rock permeability, microquakes link may be a boon for geothermal energy
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Using machine learning, researchers have tied low-magnitude microearthquakes to the permeability of subsurface rocks beneath the Earth, a discovery that could have implications for improving geothermal energy transfer.
Published A faster, better way to prevent an AI chatbot from giving toxic responses
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new technique can more effectively perform a safety check on an AI chatbot. Researchers enabled their model to prompt a chatbot to generate toxic responses, which are used to prevent the chatbot from giving hateful or harmful answers when deployed.
Published Novel robust-optimal controllers based on fuzzy descriptor system
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The Takagi--Sugeno (T--S) fuzzy descriptor system offers a promising avenue for controlling non-linear systems but lacks optimal control strategies. Moreover, while robust control methods have been developed, they add additional complexity. To address these limitations, a team of researchers has developed novel optimal and robust-optimal controllers based on the T--S fuzzy descriptor model, holding great potential for enhanced autonomous systems.
Published Can language models read the genome? This one decoded mRNA to make better vaccines
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers developed a foundational language model to decode mRNA sequences and optimize those sequences for vaccine development. The tool shows broader promise as a means for studying molecular biology.
Published Computer scientists show the way: AI models need not be SO power hungry
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The development of AI models is an overlooked climate culprit. Computer scientists have created a recipe book for designing AI models that use much less energy without compromising performance. They argue that a model's energy consumption and carbon footprint should be a fixed criterion when designing and training AI models.
Published The math problem that took nearly a century to solve: Secret to Ramsey numbers
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Little progress had been made in solving Ramsey problems since the 1930s. Now, researchers have found the answer to r(4,t), a longstanding Ramsey problem that has perplexed the math world for decades.
Published Physics-based predictive tool will speed up battery and superconductor research
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have developed physics-based guidelines that will benefit host-guest intercalated materials research. By using only two guest properties and eight host-derived descriptors, they correctly predicted the intercalation energies and stabilities of many host-guest systems. This work is an important advance that will minimize the extensive trial-and-error laboratory work that otherwise slows down research and development in battery and superconductor technologies.
Published Artificial intelligence boosts super-resolution microscopy
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Generative artificial intelligence (AI) might be best known from text or image-creating applications like ChatGPT or Stable Diffusion. But its usefulness beyond that is being shown in more and more different scientific fields.
Published Mathematical innovations enable advances in seismic activity detection
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists successfully addressed mathematical challenges in conventional Spectral Matrix analysis, used to analyze three-component seismic signals, by introducing time-delay components. The new technique enables the characterization of various polarized waves and the detection of seismic events that have previously gone unnoticed by conventional methods. These findings pave the way for improving a variety of applications, including earthquake detection.
Published Rectifying AI's usage in the quest for thermoelectric materials
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source AI is revolutionizing the way researchers seek to identify new materials, but it still has some shortcomings. Now, a team of researchers has navigated AI's pitfalls to identify a thermoelectric material that boasts remarkable properties.
Published Physicists develop modeling software to diagnose serious diseases
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have recently published FreeDTS -- a shared software package designed to model and study biological membranes at the mesoscale -- the scale 'in between' the larger macro level and smaller micro level. This software fills an important missing software among the available biomolecular modeling tools and enables modeling and understanding of many different biological processes involving the cellular membranes e.g. cell division.
Published Powerful new AI can predict people's attitudes to vaccines
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A powerful new tool in artificial intelligence is able to predict whether someone is willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19.