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Categories: Geoscience: Landslides, Mathematics: Modeling
Published Innovations in depth from focus/defocus pave the way to more capable computer vision systems
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source In an image, estimating the distance between objects and the camera by using the blur in the images as clue, also known as depth from focus/defocus, is essential in computer vision. However, model-based methods fail when texture-less surfaces are present, and learning-based methods require the same camera settings during training and testing. Now, researchers have come up with an innovative strategy for depth estimation that combines the best of both the worlds to solve these limitations, extending the applicability of depth from focus/defocus.
Published Making AI a partner in neuroscientific discovery
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The past year has seen major advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT. The ability of these models to interpret and produce human text sources (and other sequence data) has implications for people in many areas of human activity. A new perspective paper argues that like many professionals, neuroscientists can either benefit from partnering with these powerful tools or risk being left behind.
Published A machine learning framework that encodes images like a retina
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have developed a machine learning approach to compressing image data with greater accuracy than learning-free computation methods, with applications for retinal implants and other sensory prostheses.
Published Promising heart drugs ID'd by cutting-edge combo of machine learning, human learning
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Scientists have developed a new approach to machine learning -- a form of artificial intelligence -- to identify drugs that help minimize harmful scarring after a heart attack or other injuries.
Published Swarming cicadas, stock traders, and the wisdom of the crowd
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The springtime emergence of vast swarms of cicadas can be explained by a mathematical model of collective decision-making with similarities to models describing stock market crashes.
Published How does a 'reverse sprinkler' work? Researchers solve decades-old physics puzzle
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source For decades scientists have been trying to solve Feynman's Sprinkler Problem: How does a sprinkler running in reverse work? Through a series of experiments, a team of mathematicians has figured out how flowing fluids exert forces and move structures, thereby revealing the answer to this long-standing mystery.
Published New method flips the script on topological physics
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The branch of mathematics known as topology has become a cornerstone of modern physics thanks to the remarkable -- and above all reliable -- properties it can impart to a material or system. Unfortunately, identifying topological systems, or even designing new ones, is generally a tedious process that requires exactly matching the physical system to a mathematical model. Researchers have demonstrated a model-free method for identifying topology, enabling the discovery of new topological materials using a purely experimental approach.
Published What coffee with cream can teach us about quantum physics
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new advancement in theoretical physics could, one day, help engineers develop new kinds of computer chips that might store information for longer in very small objects.
Published When lab-trained AI meets the real world, 'mistakes can happen'
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Human pathologists are extensively trained to detect when tissue samples from one patient mistakenly end up on another patient's microscope slides (a problem known as tissue contamination). But such contamination can easily confuse artificial intelligence (AI) models, which are often trained in pristine, simulated environments, reports a new study. Each of the four AI models in the study paid too much attention to the tissue contamination, which resulted in errors when diagnosing or detecting vessel damage, gestational age, lesions and prostate cancer, the study found.
Published New research guides mathematical model-building for gene regulatory networks
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A newly published study provides guidance for building accurate mathematical models for gene regulatory networks.
Published AI harnesses tumor genetics to predict treatment response
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Cancer resists treatment in a multitude of ways, but a new algorithm developed can decode them all simultaneously.
Published New AI makes better permafrost maps
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source New insights from artificial intelligence about permafrost coverage in the Arctic may soon give policy makers and land managers the high-resolution view they need to predict climate-change-driven threats to infrastructure such as oil pipelines, roads and national security facilities.
Published Researchers developing AI to make the internet more accessible
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source In an effort to make the internet more accessible for people with disabilities, researchers have begun developing an artificial intelligence agent that could complete complex tasks on any website using simple language commands.
Published New AI tool accurately detects COVID-19 from chest X-rays
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have developed a groundbreaking artificial intelligence (AI) system that can rapidly detect COVID-19 from chest X-rays with more than 98 percent accuracy.
Published A new mathematical language for biological networks
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers are presenting a novel concept for the mathematical modeling of genetic interactions in biological systems. The team has successfully identified master regulators within the context of an entire genetic network. The research results provide a coherent theoretical framework for analyzing biological networks.
Published Using AI, researchers identify a new class of antibiotic candidates
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Using artificial intelligence, researchers discovered a class of compounds that can kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a drug-resistant bacterium that causes more than 10,000 deaths in the U.S. each year.
Published Large language models validate misinformation
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source In a recent study, researchers systematically tested an early version of ChatGPT's understanding of statements in six categories: facts, conspiracies, controversies, misconceptions, stereotypes, and fiction.
Published Clinicians could be fooled by biased AI, despite explanations
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new study finds that clinicians were fooled by biased AI models, even with provided explanations for how the model generated its diagnosis.
Published AI's memory-forming mechanism found to be strikingly similar to that of the brain
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source An interdisciplinary team consisting of researchers has revealed a striking similarity between the memory processing of artificial intelligence (AI) models and the hippocampus of the human brain. This new finding provides a novel perspective on memory consolidation, which is a process that transforms short-term memories into long-term ones, in AI systems.
Published Artificial intelligence can predict events in people's lives
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Artificial intelligence can analyze registry data on people's residence, education, income, health and working conditions and, with high accuracy, predict life events.