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Categories: Chemistry: Biochemistry, Mathematics: Statistics
Published Preschoolers prefer to learn from a competent robot than an incompetent human
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers found that preschoolers prefer learning from what they perceive as a competent robot over an incompetent human. This study is the first to use both a human speaker and a robot to see if children deem social affiliation and similarity more important than competency when choosing which source to trust and learn from.
Published Prepare for landing: Making airports more efficient
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A team of scientists presents an original oscillating short-term memory model to study the dynamics of landing events at 10 major European airports. The model can estimate how landing volumes will influence those in consecutive hours -- a critical ability given airport capacity constraints and external events that cause landing delays. Altogether, the model demonstrates that statistical analyses of hourly plane landing volumes can yield valuable insights into airport operations.
Published The powerhouse of the future: Artificial cells
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers identify the most promising advancements and greatest challenges of artificial mitochondria and chloroplasts. The team describes the components required to construct synthetic mitochondria and chloroplasts and identifies proteins as the most important aspects for molecular rotary machinery, proton transport, and ATP production. The authors believe it is important to create artificial cells with biologically realistic energy-generation methods that mimic natural processes; replicating the entire cell could lead to future biomaterials.
Published Team designs molecule to disrupt SARS-CoV-2 infection
(via sciencedaily.com) A team of scientists designed a molecule that disrupts the infection mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and could be used to develop new treatments for COVID-19 and other viral diseases.
Published Advanced electrode to help remediation of stubborn new 'forever chemicals'
(via sciencedaily.com) As new environmental regulations are rolling out to mitigate the industry-retired long-chain chemicals known as PFAS in drinking water, there are concerns regarding a new breed of 'forever chemicals' called short-chain PFAS. Research is now helping shift the focus to include mitigation of the chemicals -- which researchers say are just as persistent as, more mobile and harder to remove from the environment than their long-chain counterparts.
Published Nanophysics: The right twist
(via sciencedaily.com) Stacked layers of ultrathin semiconductor materials feature phenomena that can be exploited for novel applications. Physicists have studied effects that emerge by giving two layers a slight twist.
Published New ways to measure curls and kinks could make it easier to care for natural hair
(via sciencedaily.com) Black women and others with curly or kinky hair encounter a confusing array of haircare options. Advice on the best products to use for a certain type of hair is often contradictory, and the results can be highly variable. Now, scientists are bringing order to this chaos by identifying hair properties that could help users pick the perfect product and achieve consistent results.
Published Meet the hybrid micro-robot: The tiny robot that is able to navigate in a physiological environment and capture targeted damaged cells
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have developed a hybrid micro-robot, the size of a single biological cell (about 10 microns across), that can be controlled and navigated using two different mechanisms -- electric and magnetic. The micro-robot is able to navigate between different cells in a biological sample, distinguish between different types of cells, identify whether they are healthy or dying, and then transport the desired cell for further study, such as genetic analysis.
Published New type of entanglement lets scientists 'see' inside nuclei
(via sciencedaily.com) Nuclear physicists have found a new way to see inside nuclei by tracking interactions between particles of light and gluons. The method relies on harnessing a new type of quantum interference between two dissimilar particles. Tracking how these entangled particles emerge from the interactions lets scientists map out the arrangement of gluons. This approach is unusual for making use of entanglement between dissimilar particles -- something rare in quantum studies.
Published Photosynthesis: Varying roads lead to the reaction center
(via sciencedaily.com) Chemists use high-precision quantum chemistry to study key elements of super-efficient energy transfer in an important element of photosynthesis.
Published AI 'brain' created from core materials for OLED TVs
(via sciencedaily.com) A research team develops semiconductor devices for high-performance AI operations by applying IGZO materials widely used in OLED displays.
Published At least 80% of the world's most important sites for biodiversity on land currently contain human developments
(via sciencedaily.com) At least 80% of sites identified as being internationally important for biodiversity on land currently contain infrastructure -- of which more than 75% contain roads. In the future, more sites that are important for biodiversity could contain powerplants, mines and oil and gas infrastructure.
Published Visualizing spatial distribution of electric properties at microscales with liquid crystal droplets
(via sciencedaily.com) Existing sensor probes for microelectrical devices can measure only their average electric properties, providing no information on their spatial distribution. Liquid crystal droplets (LCDs) -- microscopic droplets of soft matter that respond to electric field -- are promising in this regard. Accordingly, researchers recently visualized the electric field and electrostatic energy distribution of microstructured electrodes by recording the motion of LCDs under an applied voltage, making for high detection accuracy and spatial resolution.
Published Tackling counterfeit seeds with 'unclonable' labels
(via sciencedaily.com) As a way to reduce seed counterfeiting, researchers developed a silk-based tag that, when applied to seeds, provides a unique code that cannot be duplicated.
Published Researchers create artificial enzyme for fast detection of disease-related hormone in sweat
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have developed a handheld sensor that tests perspiration for cortisol and provides results in eight minutes, a key advance in monitoring a hormone whose levels are a marker for many illnesses including various cancers.
Published Photosynthesis 'hack' could lead to new ways of generating renewable energy
(via sciencedaily.com) Researchers have 'hacked' the earliest stages of photosynthesis, the natural machine that powers the vast majority of life on Earth, and discovered new ways to extract energy from the process, a finding that could lead to new ways of generating clean fuel and renewable energy.
Published Simulated terrible drivers cut the time and cost of AV testing by a factor of one thousand
(via sciencedaily.com) The push toward truly autonomous vehicles has been hindered by the cost and time associated with safety testing, but a new system shows that artificial intelligence can reduce the testing miles required by 99.99%.
Published Semiconductor lattice marries electrons and magnetic moments
(via sciencedaily.com) A model system created by stacking a pair of monolayer semiconductors is giving physicists a simpler way to study confounding quantum behavior, from heavy fermions to exotic quantum phase transitions.
Published New invention: The oxygen-ion battery
(via sciencedaily.com) An oxygen-ion-battery has been invented, based on ceramic materials. If it degrades, it can be regenerated, therefore it potentially has an extremely long lifespan. Also, it does not require any rare elements and it is incombustible. For large energy storage systems, this could be an optimal solution.
Published Observing group-living animals with drones and computer vision
(via sciencedaily.com) New method to study the movement, behaviour, and environmental context of group-living animals using drones and computer vision.