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Categories: Biology: General, Physics: Optics

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Anthropology: Early Humans Biology: Biochemistry Biology: General Biology: Zoology Ecology: Nature Paleontology: General
Published

Early Homo sapiens facilitated the establishment of the Bonelli's eagle in the Mediterranean 50,000 years ago      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists have unraveled the ancestral history of one of the most iconic birds of prey in the current Iberian fauna: the Bonelli's eagle (Aquila fasciata). The study combines evidence from several disciplines, including palaeontology, genetics and ecology, to answer questions about when and why the Bonelli's eagle, a species primarily found in tropical and subtropical areas, colonized the Mediterranean Basin.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: Cell Biology Biology: Evolutionary Biology: General
Published

Study on architecture of heart offers new understanding of human evolution      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

An international research team has uncovered a new insight into human evolution by comparing humans' hearts with those of other great apes.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: General Biology: Zoology Ecology: Animals Paleontology: Early Mammals and Birds
Published

Tiny New Zealand bird delivers a lesson in birdsong evolution      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists are rethinking the evolution of vocal learning in birds. New Zealand's smallest bird, the rifleman or titipounamu, may have a rudimentary version of the talent possessed by parrots, hummingbirds and songbirds.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: Cell Biology Biology: General
Published

Fasting primes the immune system's natural killer cells to better fight cancer, new study in mice finds      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A team of researchers has shown for the first time that fasting can reprogram the metabolism of natural killer cells, helping them to survive in the harsh environment in and around tumors, while also improving their cancer-fighting ability.

Biology: General Ecology: Extinction Ecology: Nature Ecology: Research Ecology: Sea Life Offbeat: General Offbeat: Paleontology and Archeology Offbeat: Plants and Animals Paleontology: Fossils Paleontology: General
Published

Sharks have depleted functional diversity compared to the last 66 million years      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

New research has found that sharks retained high levels of functional diversity for most of the last 66 million years, before steadily declining over the last 10 million years to its lowest value in the present day.

Chemistry: Biochemistry Physics: General Physics: Optics
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Novel insights into fluorescent 'dark states' illuminate ways forward for improved imaging      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists address decades-long problem in the field of single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer, paving the way for more accurate experiments.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: General Biology: Genetics Biology: Zoology Offbeat: Earth and Climate Offbeat: General Offbeat: Plants and Animals
Published

Sweaty cattle may boost food security in a warming world      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Climate change is making it more difficult to raise cattle -- growth and reproduction are affected by heat -- so it's critical to breed cattle better adapted to a hotter and longer summer. A new study shows it's possible to identify the genes within breeds of cattle that would lead to the sweatiest, heat-tolerant offspring.

Chemistry: Thermodynamics Environmental: General Geoscience: Environmental Issues Physics: Optics
Published

New fabric makes urban heat islands more bearable      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers detail a new wearable fabric that can help urban residents survive the worst impacts of massive heat caused by global climate change, with applications in clothing, building and car design, and food storage. By addressing both direct solar heating and the thermal radiation emitting from pavement and buildings in urban heat islands, the material kept 2.3 degrees Celsius (4.1 degrees Fahrenheit) cooler than the broadband emitter fabric used for outdoor endurance sports and 8.9 degrees Celsius (16 degrees Fahrenheit) cooler than the commercialized silk commonly used for shirts, dresses and other summer clothing.

Energy: Nuclear Offbeat: General Offbeat: Space Physics: General Physics: Optics Physics: Quantum Physics Space: Astrophysics Space: Cosmology Space: Exploration Space: General Space: Structures and Features
Published

Pair plasmas found in deep space can now be generated in the lab      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have experimentally generated high-density relativistic electron-positron pair-plasma beams by producing two to three orders of magnitude more pairs than previously reported.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: Biotechnology Biology: Cell Biology Biology: General Chemistry: Biochemistry Chemistry: Inorganic Chemistry Chemistry: Organic Chemistry Offbeat: Computers and Math Offbeat: General Offbeat: Plants and Animals
Published

Scientists preserve DNA in an amber-like polymer      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

With their 'T-REX' method, researchers developed a glassy, amber-like polymer that can be used for long-term storage of DNA, such as entire human genomes or digital files such as photos.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: Biotechnology Biology: Cell Biology Biology: Evolutionary Biology: General Biology: Genetics Biology: Microbiology
Published

Modifying genomes of tardigrades to unravel their secrets      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Some species of tardigrades are highly and unusually resilient to various extreme conditions fatal to most other forms of life. The genetic basis for these exceptional abilities remains elusive. Researchers have now successfully edited genes using the CRISPR technique in a highly resilient tardigrade species previously impossible to study with genome-editing tools. The successful delivery of CRISPR to an asexual tardigrade species directly produces gene-edited offspring. The design and editing of specific tardigrade genes allow researchers to investigate which are responsible for tardigrade resilience and how such resilience can work.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: General Biology: Microbiology Ecology: Animals Ecology: Endangered Species
Published

The scary, yet promising world of phages, the pathogen's pathogen      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers are unlocking the mystery of how bacteria harness viruses to wipe out the competition. The answers could help spur the development of alternatives to antibiotics.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: General Biology: Marine Ecology: General Ecology: Nature Ecology: Research Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Biodiversity Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: General Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Marine heatwaves devastate red gorgonians in the Medes Islands      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

The increase in the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves in recent decades is one of the effects of global climate change. A study shows that the extreme heatwave of 2022 caused an 'unprecedented' increase in mortality of the red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata, affecting 70% of the colonies located in the Montgr Natural Park, the Medes Islands and the Baix Ter. According to the researchers, these results are 'alarming and threaten the viability' of this species of great value for the biodiversity of benthic ecosystems, since it is considered to be an inhabitant-forming species.

Chemistry: General Engineering: Nanotechnology Offbeat: General Physics: Optics
Published

Nanosized blocks spontaneously assemble in water to create tiny floating checkerboards      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have engineered nanosized cubes that spontaneously form a two-dimensional checkerboard pattern when dropped on the surface of water. The work presents a simple approach to create complex nanostructures through a technique called self-assembly.

Biology: General Biology: Zoology Offbeat: General Offbeat: Plants and Animals
Published

Soaring birds use their lungs to modify mechanics of flight      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

An air-filled sac within the birds' lungs is believed to increase the force the birds use to power flight muscles while soaring.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: Cell Biology Biology: General
Published

Putting the brakes on chronic inflammation      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Scientists have discovered a previously unknown link between two key pathways that regulate the immune system in mammals -- a finding that impacts our understanding of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This family of disorders severely impacts the health and quality of life of more than 2 million people in the United States.

Biology: Biochemistry Biology: Cell Biology Biology: General Biology: Genetics Biology: Molecular Biology: Zoology
Published

The gender gap in life expectancy: Are eggs and sperm partly responsible?      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have found that germ cells, which develop into eggs and sperm, drive sex-dependent differences in lifespan in vertebrates. Female and male germ cells increase and reduce lifespan, respectively. These effects are controlled via estrogen and growth factor hormones in females and vitamin D in males. Vitamin D supplementation extends lifespan in both males and females. The results clarify the link between reproduction and aging and show that vitamin D may improve longevity in vertebrates.

Offbeat: General Physics: Optics
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Researchers leverage inkjet printing to make a portable multispectral 3D camera      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have used inkjet printing to create a compact multispectral version of a light field camera. The camera, which fits in the palm of the hand, could be useful for many applications including autonomous driving, classification of recycled materials and remote sensing.

Biology: General Biology: Microbiology Physics: Optics
Published

Scientists adapt astronomy method to unblur microscopy images      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have adapted a class of techniques employed in astronomy to unblur images of far-away galaxies for use in the life sciences, providing biologists with a faster and cheaper way to get clearer and sharper microscopy images.