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Categories: Archaeology: General, Biology: Developmental

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Archaeology: General Biology: Marine Offbeat: Paleontology and Archeology Offbeat: Plants and Animals
Published

Caribou have been using same Arctic calving grounds for 3,000 years      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Caribou have been using the same Arctic calving grounds for more than 3,000 years. Female caribou shed their antlers within days of giving birth, leaving behind a record of their annual travels across Alaska and Canada's Yukon that persists on the cold tundra for hundreds or even thousands of years. Researchers recovered antlers that have sat undisturbed on the arctic tundra since the Bronze Age.

Archaeology: General Ecology: Trees Environmental: Ecosystems Geoscience: Environmental Issues Geoscience: Severe Weather
Published

New research suggests drought accelerated empire collapse      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

The collapse of the Hittite Empire in the Late Bronze Age has been blamed on various factors, from war with other territories to internal strife. Now, scientists have used tree ring and isotope records to pinpoint a more likely culprit: three straight years of severe drought.

Anthropology: General Archaeology: General Geoscience: Environmental Issues Geoscience: Oceanography Paleontology: Climate Paleontology: General
Published

Changing climate conditions likely facilitated early human migration to the Americas at key intervals, research suggests      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Researchers have pinpointed two intervals when ice and ocean conditions would have been favorable to support early human migration from Asia to North America late in the last ice age, a new paper shows.

Anthropology: Cultures Anthropology: Early Humans Anthropology: General Archaeology: General Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Prehistoric human migration in Southeast Asia driven by sea-level rise      (via sciencedaily.com) 

An interdisciplinary team of scientistshas found that rapid sea-level rise drove early settlers in Southeast Asia to migrate during the prehistoric period, increasing the genetic diversity of the region today.

Anthropology: Cultures Anthropology: General Archaeology: General
Published

Remapping the superhighways travelled by the first Australians reveals a 10,000-year journey through the continent      (via sciencedaily.com) 

New research has revealed that the process of 'peopling' the entire continent of Sahul -- the combined mega continent that joined Australia with New Guinea when sea levels were much lower than today -- took 10,000 years. Sophisticated models show the scale of the challenges faced by the ancestors of Indigenous people making their mass migration across the supercontinent more than 60,000 years ago. This pattern led to a rapid expansion both southward toward the Great Australian Bight, and northward from the Kimberley region to settle all parts of New Guinea and, later, the southwest and southeast of Australia.

Biology: Developmental Biology: Microbiology Offbeat: Plants and Animals
Published

Human brain organoids respond to visual stimuli when transplanted into adult rats      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers show that brain organoids -- clumps of lab-grown neurons -- can integrate with rat brains and respond to visual stimulation like flashing lights.

Archaeology: General
Published

Vikings crossing the North Sea to Britain brought their horses, dogs and other animals      (via sciencedaily.com) 

An analysis of cremated bone fragments from burial mounds in Derbyshire, UK, provides the first solid evidence that Vikings crossed the North Sea with horses, dogs and other animals as early as the ninth century AD. Researchers analyzed samples of human and animal remains, finding that they most likely originated from Scandinavia and that they died soon after arrival in Britain.

Biology: Developmental Engineering: Nanotechnology Offbeat: Plants and Animals
Published

This groundbreaking biomaterial heals tissues from the inside out      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new biomaterial that can be injected intravenously, reduces inflammation in tissue and promotes cell and tissue repair. The biomaterial was tested and proven effective in treating tissue damage caused by heart attacks in both rodent and large animal models. Researchers also provided proof of concept in a rodent model that the biomaterial could be beneficial to patients with traumatic brain injury and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Biology: Botany Biology: Developmental Ecology: General Ecology: Research
Published

New species of microalgae discovered      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new species of microalgae was found in water from a home aquarium. While analyzing DNA samples taken from the algae, researchers discovered Medakamo hakoo, whose DNA sequence didn't match any on record. This new species is the smallest known freshwater green algae, with inherent qualities which enable it to be cultured stably at high density, meaning it could be effectively used to produce useful products for food and industry.

Biology: Developmental Biology: Evolutionary Computer Science: Artificial Intelligence (AI) Offbeat: Computers and Math Offbeat: Plants and Animals
Published

AI technology generates original proteins from scratch      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists have created an AI system capable of generating artificial enzymes from scratch. In laboratory tests, some of these enzymes worked as well as those found in nature, even when their artificially generated amino acid sequences diverged significantly from any known natural protein.

Biology: Developmental Engineering: Robotics Research
Published

Artificial human skin paves the way to new skin cancer therapy      (via sciencedaily.com) 

In a new study, researchers have managed to curb skin cancer. The study was conducted on artificial human skin.

Biology: Developmental
Published

Pioneering approach advances study of CTCF protein in transcription biology      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists used the auxin-inducible degron 2 system on CTCF, bringing the novel approach to bear on a fundamental protein.

Biology: Developmental Biology: Evolutionary
Published

Scientists discover the evolutionary secret behind different animal life cycles      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Researchers uncover for the first time the mechanism that likely explains how embryos form either a larva or a miniature version of the adult.

Biology: Developmental
Published

Actin affects the spread of cancer in several ways      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The transport of molecules along the cell's skeleton plays a role in cancer metastasis, researchers show.

Biology: Developmental
Published

How cells prevent harmful extra DNA copies      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A protein that prepares DNA for replication also prevents the replication process from running out of control, according to a new study. The work solves a mystery that has long puzzled biologists.

Biology: Developmental Ecology: Endangered Species
Published

Botany: Chloroplast from the father      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Under cold conditions, not only the mother plant but also the father plant can pass on its chloroplasts to the offspring.

Biology: Developmental
Published

Genome editing procedures optimized      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Scientists succeed in boosting the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 and related methods and modifying initially inaccessible DNA sequences. They fine-tuned these tools to enable effective genetic screening for modelling specific gene mutations.

Anthropology: General Archaeology: General
Published

Agriculture linked to changes in age-independent mortality in North America      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The transition to agriculture from hunting and gathering in pre-colonial North America led to changes in age-independent mortality, or mortality caused by factors that are not associated with age, according to a new study. The team found that the intensification of crop use occurred in two phases, the first of which led to a decline in human age-independent mortality, while the second is associated with a rise in it. The study is the first to tie patterns of age-independent mortality to food production.

Biology: Developmental Biology: Microbiology
Published

New genetic disorder that causes susceptibility to opportunistic infections      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Immunogeneticists have discovered a new genetic disorder that causes immunodeficiency and profound susceptibility to opportunistic infections including a life-threatening fungal pneumonia.

Biology: Developmental Biology: Evolutionary
Published

DNA from domesticated chickens is tainting genomes of wild red junglefowl, study finds      (via sciencedaily.com) 

The red junglefowl -- the wild ancestor of the chicken -- is losing its genetic diversity by interbreeding with domesticated birds, according to a new study.