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Categories: Biology: Botany, Ecology: Animals

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Biology: Biochemistry Biology: Botany Biology: General Ecology: Endangered Species Ecology: Extinction Ecology: General Ecology: Invasive Species Ecology: Nature Ecology: Research Ecology: Trees Environmental: Biodiversity Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: General
Published

Study shows replanting logged forests with diverse mixtures of seedlings accelerates restoration      (via sciencedaily.com) 

• Twenty-year experiment finds that active replanting beats natural recovery for restoring logged tropical forests. • The higher the diversity of replanted tree species, the more quickly canopy area and biomass recovered. • Results emphasize the importance of preserving biodiversity in pristine forests and restoring it in recovering logged forest.

Ecology: Animals
Published

Cars, chlamydia and canines are biggest koala killers      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A database tracking hospital admissions and deaths reveals the devastating impact cars, disease and dogs are having on the South East Queensland koala population.

Ecology: Animals Ecology: Nature
Published

Clever lapwings use cover to hide in plain sight      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Ground-nesting birds called lapwings use the shape of their nests and surroundings to hide from predators, new research shows.

Biology: Evolutionary Biology: Zoology Ecology: Animals
Published

Vocal learning linked to problem solving skills and brain size      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

The better a songbird is at working its way around obstacles to retrieve a snack, the more complex its vocal learning ability will be.

Biology: Botany Ecology: Animals Ecology: Invasive Species Ecology: Trees Environmental: Biodiversity
Published

Pollination by more than one bee species improves cherry harvest      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

To obtain the biggest cherry harvest, trees should be pollinated by both honey bees and mason bees. This new study shows yet another benefit of biodiversity.

Biology: Developmental Biology: Microbiology Ecology: Animals
Published

Lack of maternal care affects development, microbiome and health of wild bees      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Most wild bees are solitary, but one tiny species of carpenter bees fastidiously cares for and raises their offspring, an act that translates into huge benefits to the developing bee's microbiome, development and health, found researchers. Without maternal care the pathogen load of these developing bees ballooned -- 85 per cent of were fungi, while eight per cent were bacteria -- which can impact their microbiome, a critical component of bee health, as well as their development, immune system and gene expression.

Biology: Biotechnology Biology: Botany Biology: Cell Biology Biology: Genetics Biology: Microbiology Biology: Molecular
Published

Mysterious family of microbial proteins hijack crops' cellular plumbing      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Some crop pathogens use a clever trick to multiply and spread infection: they hijack the plant's cellular plumbing. In a new study, researchers unveil a class of bacterial proteins that fold into a straw-like shape and insert themselves into the plant cell membrane, allowing the inside of the leaf to become waterlogged. The researchers also figured out a possible way to block the water channel proteins and prevent infection.

Biology: Zoology Chemistry: General Ecology: Animals Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Biodiversity Environmental: General Environmental: Water Geoscience: Environmental Issues Geoscience: Geochemistry Geoscience: Geography
Published

Some spiders can transfer mercury contamination to land animals      (via sciencedaily.com) 

Sitting calmly in their webs, many spiders wait for prey to come to them. Arachnids along lakes and rivers eat aquatic insects, such as dragonflies. But, when these insects live in mercury-contaminated waterways, they can pass the metal along to the spiders that feed on them. Now, researchers have demonstrated how some shoreline spiders can move mercury contamination from riverbeds up the food chain to land animals.

Biology: Zoology Ecology: Animals Ecology: General Ecology: Research Environmental: Biodiversity Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

More Texas owls are testing positive for rat poisons      (via sciencedaily.com) 

New research suggests that owls in Texas have high rates of anticoagulant rodenticides (AR) -- blood thinning rat poisons -- in their systems. 

Biology: Botany Biology: Evolutionary Ecology: Endangered Species Ecology: Extinction Ecology: Nature Paleontology: Dinosaurs Paleontology: Fossils Paleontology: General
Published

Nature's great survivors: Flowering plants survived the mass extinction that killed the dinosaurs      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A new study by researchers from the University of Bath (UK) and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) shows that flowering plants escaped relatively unscathed from the mass extinction that killed the dinosaurs 66 million years ago. Whilst they suffered some species loss, the devastating event helped flowering plants become the dominant type of plant today.

Biology: Botany Ecology: Endangered Species
Published

Disease-resistant rice and wheat plants may modulate disease susceptibility in their neighbors      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Growing several plant varieties in the same field for disease resistance is a longstanding agricultural practice, but can have unpredictable results. A study suggests that plant-to-plant interactions may confer disease immunity in both wheat and rice.

Biology: Microbiology Biology: Zoology Ecology: Animals
Published

Movement sensors can detect disease in wild boar      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Accelerometers reading the behavior of wild boars can pick up when animals are infected with a fatal virus.

Biology: Evolutionary Biology: Genetics Ecology: Animals
Published

Unlocking the genetic code of peppers: New study reveals insights into domestication and diversity      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Peppers are a versatile, flavorful, and widely popular crop, used not only as a healthy food source but also for their medicinal properties. Scientists have now sequenced the genomes of key cultivated and wild pepper species, offering unprecedented insights into pepper evolution, domestication, and genetic diversity.

Biology: Cell Biology Biology: Evolutionary Biology: Zoology Ecology: Animals
Published

You say tomato, these scientists say evolutionary mystery      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Biologists have found evidence for evolutionary 'syndromes'-- sets of traits that occur together -- that help to explain how tomatoes first evolved their distinctive blend of color, sweetness, acidity and aroma. The research not only shines a light on how fruits evolve in the wild, but will also be valuable to crop-improvement efforts aimed at breeding more nutritious and appealing varieties of fruits.

Biology: Botany Biology: Cell Biology Biology: Developmental Biology: Genetics Biology: Molecular Ecology: Endangered Species
Published

Auxin signaling pathway controls root hair formation for nitrogen uptake      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Root hairs represent a low-cost strategy to enhance nutrient uptake because they can significantly increase the nutrient-acquiring surface of plant roots. While primary and lateral roots are stimulated to elongate when plants grow under mild nitrogen deficiency, the existence of such a foraging response for root hairs and its underlying regulatory mechanism remain elusive. Now, researchers have revealed a framework composed of specific molecular players meditating auxin synthesis, transport and signaling that triggers root hair elongation for nitrogen acquisition.

Ecology: Animals Ecology: Endangered Species Ecology: Nature Environmental: Biodiversity Geoscience: Environmental Issues
Published

Lions on the brink -- New analysis reveals the differing threats to African lion populations      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

New results reveal that many of Africa's remaining lions live within small, fragmented populations at risk of disappearing. The researchers developed a new framework which integrates ecological and socio-political risk factors to better understand the fragility of these populations.

Biology: Marine Biology: Microbiology Biology: Zoology Ecology: Animals Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Ecosystems
Published

'A crab is never just a crab'      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

A herring in the North Sea, a crab in the Wadden Sea or an anemone fish on a coral reef, ... biologists like to think in terms of individual species that all have their own place within food webs in ecosystems across the world. 'But that is surely too simplistic thinking,' researchers warn.

Biology: Zoology Ecology: Animals
Published

Jackdaws switch friends to gain food -- but stick with family      (via sciencedaily.com)     Original source 

Jackdaws ditch old friends and make new ones if it helps them get rewards -- but stick with family through thick and thin, new research shows.

Biology: Evolutionary Biology: Marine Ecology: Animals Ecology: General Ecology: Nature Ecology: Research Ecology: Sea Life Environmental: Ecosystems Environmental: General Geoscience: Environmental Issues Geoscience: Geography Geoscience: Oceanography
Published

Scientists find evidence of sea star species hybridization      (via sciencedaily.com) 

A new study presents genomic evidence of hybridization between two closely related species of sea stars -- Asterias rubens, the common starfish, and Asterias forbesi, known as Forbes' sea star.