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Categories: Biology: Microbiology, Geoscience: Geology
Published Pinpointing the emergence of muddy flavors in your fish
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Many people have experienced a muddy off-flavor in farmed fish. While the aquaculture industry has known about the problem for 20 years, it continues to impact the consumption of otherwise healthy and potentially sustainable fish. Now, researchers have been able to pinpoint exactly when the off-flavors emerge. And this can make it easier to deal with the compounds that turn people away from farmed fish.
Published Racing to defuse a 'ticking' public health time bomb
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The explosive rise in tick-borne diseases in many parts of the United States over the last five decades represents a major public health threat that demands innovative solutions, warns a group of scientists. They outline why the stakes are so high and describe some potential solutions. Possible solutions include a new class of vaccines for humans and even for the animals that carry the ticks.
Published California supervolcano is cooling off but may still cause quakes
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source New high-resolution images of the Long Valley Caldera indicate that the subsurface environment is cooling off, releasing gas and fluids that contribute to seismic activity.
Published Yeast speeds discovery of medicinal compounds in plants
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have harnessed the power of baker's yeast to create a cost-effective and highly efficient approach for unraveling how plants synthesize medicinal compounds, and used the new method to identify key enzymes in a kratom tree.
Published Ancient diamonds shine light on the evolution of Earth
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Formed millions to billions of years ago, diamonds can shine light into the darkest and oldest parts of the Earth's mantle. The analysis of ancient, superdeep diamonds dug up from mines in Brazil and Western Africa, has exposed new processes of how continents evolved and moved during the early evolution of complex life on Earth. These diamonds that were formed between 650 and 450 million years ago on the base of the supercontinent Gondwana, were analysed by an international team of experts, and have shown how supercontinents such as Gondwana were formed, stabilised, and how they move around the planet.
Published Single vaccine protects against three deadly strains of coronavirus
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A vaccine designed to protect against three different deadly coronaviruses shows success in mouse studies, demonstrating the viability of a pan-coronavirus vaccine developed by researchers at the Duke Human Vaccine Institute.
Published Scientists uncover new way viruses fight back against bacteria
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A microscopic discovery will not only enable scientists to understand the microbial world around us but could also provide a new way to control CRISPR-Cas biotechnologies.
Published Four eating behavior patterns of children
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Children fall broadly into four eating categories, according to new research, and parents feed their children differently depending on those categories.
Published New insights into the genetics of the common octopus: Genome at the chromosome level decoded
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Octopuses are fascinating animals -- and serve as important model organisms in neuroscience, cognition research and developmental biology. To gain a deeper understanding of their biology and evolutionary history, validated data on the composition of their genome is needed, which has been lacking until now. Scientists have now been able to close this gap and, in a new study, determined impressive figures: 2.8 billion base pairs -- organized in 30 chromosomes. What sounds so simple is the result of complex, computer-assisted genome analyses and comparisons with the genomes of other cephalopod species.
Published Scientists discover links between Alzheimer's disease and gut microbiota
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Research identifies links between gut bacteria, inflammation and brain changes associated with Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest that Alzheimer's symptoms can be transferred via the gut microbiota.
Published Multi-drug resistant strain of E. coli battles bacteria in healthy gut
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Different strains of E. coli can outcompete one another to take over the gut, a new study reveals.
Published Art with DNA -- Digitally creating 16 million colors by chemistry
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The DNA double helix is composed of two DNA molecules whose sequences are complementary to each other. The stability of the duplex can be fine-tuned in the lab by controlling the amount and location of imperfect complementary sequences. Fluorescent markers bound to one of the matching DNA strands make the duplex visible, and fluorescence intensity increases with increasing duplex stability. Now, researchers have succeeded in creating fluorescent duplexes that can generate any of 16 million colors -- a work that surpasses the previous 256 colors limitation. This very large palette can be used to 'paint' with DNA and to accurately reproduce any digital image on a miniature 2D surface with 24-bit color depth.
Published Study reveals health impact of eating disorders
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new study has revealed a significant association between eating disorders and physical multimorbidity, shedding new light on the health risks faced by people with these conditions. The research explores the complex relationship between eating disorders, physical health, and other issues that can influence it.
Published Boosting weak immune system: Scientists find an unusual weapon against virus
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) are extremely common and often pose no major threat to the vast majority of people. They can however be deadly for people whose immune system is weakened, e.g., after bone marrow transplantation. Current treatments against CMV infections are very limited and can have severe side effects. Researchers now propose a new way to protect against CMV. Instead of targeting the virus, their approach boosts the weak immune system and lets it fight the virus on its own.
Published Pathogen that plagues food processing plants eradicated by blue light
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A new study shows that blue light kills both dried cells and biofilms of Listeria monocytogenes.
Published Scientists discover the possible triggers for bacterial pathogens, opening the door for new treatment strategies
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source The legendary Alexander Fleming, who famously discovered penicillin, once said 'never to neglect an extraordinary appearance or happening.' And the path of science often leads to just that. New research is turning the page in our understanding of harmful bacteria and how they turn on certain genes, causing disease in our bodies.
Published Fungal infection in the brain produces changes like those seen in Alzheimer's disease
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Researchers have discovered how the fungus Candida albicans enters the brain, activates two separate mechanisms in brain cells that promote its clearance, and, important for the understanding of Alzheimer's disease development, generates amyloid beta (Ab)-like peptides, toxic protein fragments from the amyloid precursor protein that are considered to be at the center of the development of Alzheimer's disease.
Published Ice sheet surface melt is accelerating in Greenland and slowing in Antarctica
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source Surface ice in Greenland has been melting at an increasing rate in recent decades, while the trend in Antarctica has moved in the opposite direction, according to researchers.
Published Marine bacteria take a bite at plastic pollution
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A bacterium found in the sea can degrade a plastic that otherwise resists microbial breakdown in marine environments.
Published The deep slumber of a hospital pathogen: Why infections with Acinetobacter baumannii can flare up again and again
(via sciencedaily.com) Original source A research team has discovered a fundamental mechanism that helps the dreaded hospital pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii to survive. This mechanism explains why the pathogen is difficult to eradicate in hospitals and why infections flare up again and again in patients: When living conditions become too unfavorable for the bacteria, they fall into a kind of slumber. In this state, conventional diagnostic methods can no longer detect them nor is it possible to kill them off. When living conditions improve again, they awaken from this 'deep sleep'.